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Angela Santander Period 1 Histology - Coggle Diagram
Angela Santander
Period 1
Histology
Connective Tissue
Glands (endocrine vs exocrine)
Exocrine: externally secreting ( example: sweat)
secretions are released onto body surface, such as skin, or into body cavities
Secrete products into ducts
example mucous, sweat, oil, and salivary glands
Unicellular exocrine glands:
the only important unicellular glands are moucous cells and gobllet cells
found in epithelial lining of intestinal and respiratory tracts
All produce mucin, a sugar-protein that dissolve in water to form mucus, a slimy protective, lubricating coating
Multicellular exocrine glands
-multicellular exocrine glands composed of ducts and a secretory unit
Endocrine: Internally secreting (example: hormones)
Ductless glands
Secretions are not released into a duct; released into surrounding interstitil fluid
picked up by circulatory system
Nervous Tissues
General characteristics
Branching cells, and looks like a stingray with nucleus
Structures within
Axon, dendrites and nucleus
Location:
Brain, spinal cord, and nerves
Function :
Transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors
Muscular Tissue
Responsible for most types of movement
Possess mypfilaments made up of actin and mysoin proteins that bring about contraction
Cardiac Muscle
General Characteristic:
Branching (multiple branches)
Structures within:
Intercalated discs and uninucleate cells
Location: Walls of heart
Function: Propels blood into circulation and involuntary movement
Smooth Muscle
Genreal Characteristics:
Cells spindle shaped, central nuclei, and cells close together form sheets
Structures within:
Nucleus and no striation
Location:
Walls of hollow organs
Function:
Problems objects/substances, and involuntary control
Skeletal Muscle
general characteristics: long, cylindrical, multimucleate, and
obvious striations
Structures within:
Multinucleate cells
Location: In skeletal Msucle attached to bones occasionally to skin
Function:
Voluntary movement , manipulation of enviroment,
and facial expression and voluntary control
Epithelial Tissue
-Sheet of cells that cover body surface or cavities
Two name of epithelial tissue
Second name: shape of cell
Columnar: tall, column-like
Stratified Columnar:
General characteristics: Multiple layers and columnar shaped cells
Structures within:
Apical layer is in columnar, nucleus, and connective tissues
Location: Male Urethra, Lining in some glandular ducts
Function: Providing pretection and secretion
Psedostratified Columnar:
General Characteristics: Different shapes, Different heights, and one layer
Structures within:
Goblet cells, cillia, one layer, basement membrane
Location: line the trachea and most of the upper respiratory tract, Nonilliated types in male sperm carrying ducts and ducts of large glands
Function: Secretes substance (mucus) and propulsion of mucus by ciliary action
Squamos: flattened and scale like
Stratified Squamous:
General Characteristics: Lots of different shapes, lots of layer,
Oval-like nucleus
Structures: connective tissue, basement membrane, basal cells (cuboidal/columnar), surface cells are squamous surface cells have keratin and are dead Basal cells participate in mitosis and produce more cells
Location: Usually found in moist linings (esophagus) if non keratinized. Keratinized forms are found in epidermis of the skin and dry epithelium.
Function: Protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion
Cuboidal: box-like, cube
Stratified Cuboidal :
General Characteristics: 2 cells layer thick, cube-shaped cells, and very close together
Structures within: two cell layer thick, cube cells, columnar cells,
nucleus
Location: In sweat and in mammary glands
Function: Protects certain areas in the glands and ducts
Transitional:
General characteristics:
roundish cells, streched, flat
Structures within:
Multi cell layers, basement membrane, nucleus, connective tissues
Location: Blader, ureters, and urethra
Function: Transitional can stretcjamd permits stored urine to distend urinary organs
First names: number of cell layers
Simple: single layer of cell layer
Simple Cuboidal:
General Characteristics:Tall cells,
wide,cube-like
Structures within:
Cube-like cells, sphere like nuclei, basement membrane
and connective tissue
Location: Kidney tubules, ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface
Function: Secretion and absorption
Simple Columnar:
General Characteristics: Single layer, tall cells and round/oval nuceli
Structures within: Cavity,Microvilli, columnar cells, and mucus of Goblet cells
Location: Digestive (stomach to rectum), gallbladder, and excretory ducts
Function: Absorbs; secretion of mucus
Simple Squamous:
General: Single layer,Flat, long, and oval shaped nuclei
Structures: Nucleus, Basement membrane, Air sacs, cytoplasm, basement membrane
Location: These tissues are typically found in Kidney Glomeruli
, air sacs of lungs, lining of the heart, blood vessel, and lymphatic vessel
Function:These tissues allow materials to pass by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important. As well as secreting lubricating substances in serose.
Types o Membranes (serous, mucous, cutaneous)
Mucous Membrane
Indicates location, not cell composition
Mucosae
-Line body cavities that are open to the exterior( Example: digestive, respitory)
Epithelial sheet lies over layer of losse connective tissue = lamina propria
Serous Membrane
Serosae
Found in closed ventral body cavities
Constructed simple squamous epithelium resting thin areolar connective tissue
Parietal serosae line internal body cavity walls
Viscereal serosae cover internal organs
Cavity between layers is fille with slippery serous fluid, so these are moist membranes
Cutaneous membrane
Another name for skin
Kereatinzie stratified squamous epithelium (Epidermis) attached to a thich layer of connective tissue (dermis)