Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Histology Adriana Bonilla Period 1 - Coggle Diagram
Histology Adriana Bonilla Period 1
epithelial tissues
Stratified Squamous ET
Protects the underlying tissues that are subjected to abrasion
Has several layers of thick epithelium. basal cell are either coumnar or cuboidal and metabollically active. cells at the surface are flattened in the keratinized type.
nonkeratinized forms are located in moist lining of the esophagus, mouth, and vagina, Keratinized forms the epidermis of the skin
Simple Squamous ET
single layer of flattened cells with a central nuclei that is disk-shaped
located in the kidney glomeruli; air sacs of lungs, blood vessels, lining of heart, lymphatic vessels
secretes lubricating substances in serosae and allows material to pass, through diffusion and filtration in areas where protection isn’t important.
Simple Columnar ET
single layer of tall column like cells with an oval nuclei
nonciliated types are located in digestive tract, gallbladder, and excretory ducts of some glands. Ciliated types line small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus
secretes substances such as enzymes, mucus, and more. Ciliated types propel mucus or reproductive cells by ciliary action.
Transitional ET
permits stored urine to allow for more urine flow and more storage space in the bladder. It also gives cells the ability to change shape
At the basal layer cells are cuboidal or columnar but changes shape into a more squamous form
lines hollow urine organs and is located in the bladder, ureters, and urethra
Stratified Cuboidal ET
Secretes and protects. Makes many membrane junctions in the middle of adjacent cells
located in some sweat and mammary glands
multiple layers of cube like cells with a round nuclei
Stratified Columnar ET
provides protection and secretion
located in Pharynx, male urethra, and some glandular ducts
several layers of tall column like cells with an oval nuclei
Pseudostratified ET
A SINGLE layer of cells with different heights. The nuclei is seen at different levels
ciliated types are located in the linings on the trachea and upper respiratory tract. the noniliated types are found in male sperm-carrying ducts
Secretes substances, mainly mucus. Brings mucus forward by ciliary action
Simple Cuboidal ET
single layer of cubelike cells with a large sphere like nuclei
located in kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands; ovary surface
its function is secretion and absorption
glands
endocrine
internally secreting (ex: hormones)
ductless glands
secretions are released into interstitial fluid
exocrine
externally secreting (ex: sweat)
secretes products into ducts
secretions are released onto body surface or into body cavities
unicellular exocrine
mucous and goblet cells
found in epithelial linings of intestinal and respiratory tracts
multicellular exocrine
composed of a duct and secretory gland
nervous tissue
located in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
neurons are branching cells. long cell processes extend from the nucleus-containing cell body.
neurons send electrical signals from receptors to effectors. other supporting cells support and protect neurons
connective tissue
blood
White and red blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma)
located/contained in blood vessels
Its main function is to transport respiratory wastes, gases, nutrients, and other substances.
elastic cartillage
located in ears and epiglottis
Allows for great stability and maintains the shapes structure
Very alike to the hyaline cartilage, but contains more elastic fibers in the matrix
Bone/osseous
Hard calcified matrix that contains many collagen fibers and is very well vascularized. The osteocytes lie in lacunae
located in bones
supports and protects by enclosing.. stores calcium, other minerals, and fats.
Fibrocarilage
he stability and strength allows for absorption of compressive shock.
located in intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis , and disks of knee joints
Close to characteristics of hyaline cartilage, but is less firm. It has thick collagen fibers predominate
Areolar/loose
gives cushion to and wraps organs. holds and conveys tissue fluid. has an important role involving inflammation
located under epithelia and surround capillaries
Contains all 3 types of fibers: cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and some white blood cells. Has a gel-like matrix.
hyaline cartilage
resists compressive stress and acts as a resilient cushion. It supports and reinforces
amorphous but firm matrix. The imperceptible network is made up of collagen fibers. Chondroblasts produce the matrix. When they mature (into chondrocytes) they lie in lacunae
located on the ends of long bones in joint cavities.
reticular
located in Lymphoid organs; lymph nodes/bone marrow/spleen
Network of loose reticular fibers in a gel-like ground substance. On the fibers lies reticular cells.
fibers form an internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cells such as white blood cells, macrophages, and mast cells.
adipose
Matrix as in areolar, yet very sparse. Fat cells or adipocytes are closely packed together and have a nucleus that is pushed to the side from a large fat droplet.
located in subcutaneous tissue under skin, around kidneys and eyeballs, within the abdomen, and with breast
Insulates against heat loss while supporting and protecting organs. Also provides reserve food fuel.
dense
attaches muscles to bones or muscles. or attaches bones bones. when pulling force is applied in one direction it is able to withstand great tensile stress.
located in tendons, most ligaments, and aponeuroses
Usually parallel collagen fibers; a few elastic fibers. The fibroblast is the major cell type.
types of membranes
serous
AKA serosae
parietal serosae lines internal body cavity walls
constructed from simple squamous epithelium resting on thin connective areolar connective tissue
found in closed ventral body cavities
visceral serosae covers internal organs
moist membrane; cavity between layers is filled with slippery serous fluid
names given to show location: pleurae; lungs, peritoneum; abdomen, and pericardium; heart
mucous
moist membranes bathed by secretion or urine. may secrete mucus.
AKA mucosae: lines the body cavities that are open to exterior (digestive, respiratory, and urogenital tracts)
mucosa indicates location not the composition of a cell
Epithelial sheet lies over layer of loose connective tissue called lamina propria
cutaneous
AKA skin
unlike other membranes it is dry
keratinized stratified squamous attached to a thick layer of connective tissue
muscular tissue
Smooth MT
moves substances such as food, urine, babies, or other substances along internal passageways: involuntary control
located in walls of hollow organs
both ends of spindle shaped cells are tapered with a central nuclei. it does not contain any striations. cells are closely arranged
Skeletal MT
located attached to bones or sometimes skin
multinucleate, long, cylindrical cells with obvious striations
voluntary movement; locomotion. Allows for facial expression
Cardiac MT
contains branching and usually are uninucleate cells that connect at junctions known as intercalated disks
located in the walls of the heart
when it contacts the blood propels into circulation; involuntary control