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HOUSEWORK ARE GENDER AND THE DIVISION IS UNEQUAL - Coggle Diagram
HOUSEWORK ARE GENDER AND THE DIVISION IS UNEQUAL
INTRODUCTION
what is the meaning of housework:
routine houseworkis mostly considered time consuming,
repetitive, burdensome, and never-ending tasks
mostly includes cooking, cleaning after meal,
shopping, and laundry
irregular
housework is considered as time flexible, voluntary, and more enjoyable than routine housework
rregular housework includes yard work and car maintenance.
how to measure housework
Time
diaries are a 24-hour record of respondent's activities; where the record is typically a
description of activities undertaken, the time spent on these activities, including start time
and end time in some cases, during specified time intervals.
time diaries by design are focused on activities in chronological
order rather than on responsibilities, which can underestimate simultaneous activities
including supervisory care
Supervisory care, i.e. being close to infants, young children
and other dependents to provide hands-on care and nurturance when required, can be
combined with work, or leisure and/or personal care time (including sleep). If someone
has to be available to care for young infants 24 hours in a day, then the upper limit of
supervisory care can be as high as 24 hours for young infants
Time availability - explains the division of housework from a rational economic
perspective. He argues that families seek to maximize utility by distributing tasks as efficiently as
possible. Each member must therefore specialize in what he does best, paid or domestic work.
Productivity depends on biological factors, different experiences and investment in human capital over
the life course. This makes that men better engage in paid work and women in domestic work. A
recent application of this is the perspective of time availability. The distribution of housework is
dependent on time available to partners. The partner who spends less time on other activities as labour
force participation will have more time available to take up a larger share of the housework
time availability approach stresses that the number of hours that
husbands and wives spend working for pay is more important than their employment status. Even
though employed women are still doing most of the housework, the amount of time spent on
housework can also be determined by the number of hours spent on paid work. A woman can still
be employed and be doing most of the housework because she spends less time on paid work than
the partner
Gender ideology - The last perspective looks into the distribution of domestic work as the result of
gender ideology. From this respect, women with attitudes in line with the male-breadwinner/female
carer ideal will perform a larger share of the household chores. Gender ideology is viewed as the result
of socialization in the role that is associated with the gender category to which one belongs. A variant
theory is the gender construction/doing gender perspective. From this perspective, domestic work is a
process through which individuals define their gender identity.
Relative resources - The second approach emphasizes the importance of relative resources.
Housework is considered an annoying task whose distribution is achieved as a result of negotiation.
Negotiation takes the form of a power struggle: the partner who has the best negotiating position -
based on material resources - may limit his or her share of the housework (
do you agree with statement
yes
reason:
IDEA 1
IDEA 2
conclusion
IIDEA 3