Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Life processes and chemistry of life - Coggle Diagram
Life processes and chemistry of life
Lipids
-Blubber in whales and seals
-Temperature insulation
-Long term energy
-Unsaturated=Oils/Liquid at room temperature/ most are from plants.
-Saturated= Fats/Solid at room temp/most are from animals
-Lipids are either saturated or unsaturated.
-bonds= Ester
-Monomers= 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
Contain C,H,O
Protein
contain C,H,O,N
These elements combined to form units called amino acids.
Amino acids combined, normally in groups of 50 or more, to form poly peptides known as protein.
Shape and structure of protein easily lost if exposed to high temperature or high pH= denaturing
Proteins embedded in cell membranes enable hormones to identify them as a target organ and antibodies to identify foreign cells.
Proteins are important for many reasons, they form skin, fur, scale muscles, cartilage, and many more substances in multicellular organisms.
Amino acids
21 proteins forming amino acids
Unique combination results in= type of protein and shape of protein
Enzymes
Control almost all chemical reactions in living organisms.
Chemical catalysts.
Catabolic= break down compounds
Anabolic= larger compounds are built.
Hormones
-Often proteins
-produced glands in multicellular organisms.
-regulate processes in the body like growth, sexual maturation, metabolic rate, responding to potential harmful circumstances .
Haemoglobin
-respiratory pigment.
-transports oxygen in blood.
-partly protein
Antibodies
proteins
NB in animal immune systems
Enable to recognise and destroy harmful germs
.
Vitamins
Enable range of processes:
-regulating mineral uptake
regulating processes like growth and cell division.
Assisting specific enzymes-catalysed processes.
-Acting as antioxidants
needed in small quantities yet vital for an animals diet .
deficiencies can be life threatening.
Too much can also be dangerous= Hypervitaminosis.
Some vitamins=fat soluble and can be stored in the body so you don't need to eat it often, others are water soluble and are excreted easily therefore need to be taken in regularly.
Nucleic acids
made up of monomers called nucleotides.
monomers made up of sugar bonded to nitrogen and a phosphate group (C,H,O,N,P)
responsible for storage and transfer of hereditary info and governing characteristics of organism.
Occur in form of DNA and RNA