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Task 1: Create an isomerism mind map on Coggle., Isomerism - Coggle Diagram
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Isomerism
It is a phenomenon where two or more compounds have the same chemical formula but possesses different structural formulas and
different properties.
Isomers are the compounds exhibiting this
phenomenon.
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it's types are
Stereoisomerism
When isomerism is caused by the different arrangements / orientation of atoms or groups in space, the phenomena is called stereoisomerism.
Geometrical Isomerism
the geometrical isomerism arises when atoms or groups are arranged differently in space due to restricted rotation of a bond or bonds in a molecule.
Example above two forms are not inter convertible due to restricted rotation of double bond.
Trans Geometrical Isomer
in the trans isomer, the methyl groups are arranged on the opposite side of the double bond.
they are more stable than cis isomers
Cis Geometrical Isomer
in the cis isomer, the two methyl groups are arranged on the same side of a double bond.
they are less stable than trans isomers
Optical Isomerism
an optical isomerism is the phenomenon in which the two isomeric forms can rotate the plane of polarized light in opposite direction.
they display identical characteristics in terms of molecular weight as well as chemical and physical properties
occurs mainly in substances that have the same molecular and structural formula, but they cannot be superimposed on each other
it's types are
Dextrorotatory Isomer
+ve isomer
isomer which rotate the plane of polarized light to right, clockwise direction
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Example
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Laevorotatory Isomer
-ve isomer
isomer which rotate the plane of polarized light to left, anticlockwise direction
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Structural Isomerism
Structural isomerism is due to difference in the arrangement of atoms within the molecule, without any reference to space.
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Position Isomerism
In position isomerism, the basic carbon skeleton remains unchanged, but substituents move around the skeleton
Example
Chain Isomerism
Chain isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula, but different arrangements of the carbon skeleton.
Example
Tautomerism
A tautomer of a compound refers to the isomer of the compound which only differs in the position of protons and electrons.
Example
Metamerism
It is a type of isomerism in which compounds having the same molecular formula but different alkyl groups on either side of functional groups are called Metamerism
Example