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02 Impact of Reconstruction, 1865-77 - Coggle Diagram
02 Impact of Reconstruction, 1865-77
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Congress passed a series of measures to protect AA rights eg Civil Rights Act, 13th & 14th Amendments, various Enforcement Acts
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First Reconstruction Act forced southern states to allow universal male suffrage and demanded they ratify the 13th Amendment
Widespread violence against AAs, Radical Republicans & agents of the Freedmans Bureau - eg thousands of deaths in the run-up to the 1868 election, 2000 deaths and serious injuries in Louisiana alone
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Many southern whites (Redeemers) believed in white supremacy and would not accept AA involvement in politics and the economy
Over time the number of AAs voting declined due to violence and intimidation, allowing white supremicists to regain political control
Little progress made in developing the economic position of AAs - majority had limited employment opportunities and experienced widepsread poverty
Gains were limited due to the Hayes/Tilden Compromise, which abandoned civil rights and gave control of the south back to whites
Third Enforcement Act targeted groups like the Klan, limiting their impact
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Sharecropping limited the economic opportunities for the majority of AA and kept whole communities in poverty
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Over 1500 AAs were elected to state positions - as state representatives, sheriffs, school board members, justices of the peace - and many sat on local juries
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The Colfax Massacre, 1873 - over 100 AA men were murdered during conflict surrouding the gubernatorial election