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NEGATIVE FORMS AND MEANINGS (write your own examples on each category - do…
NEGATIVE FORMS AND MEANINGS (write your own examples on each category - do not use the book ones)
Negative introductory verbs
Think/Suppose/Believe (introductory verb negative)
Verb negative in the that clause for surprise or emphasis
Seem/Expect/Appear (both patterns with no change in meaning)
(HE DOESN'T APPEAR TO BE INTERESTED)
Hope/ Wish (verb negative in the that clause)
Ask/Beg/Persuade/ Tell/ Urge + infinitive (both patterns with different meaning)
Negative expresions
Never
(SHE`S NEVER BEEN ABROAD)
Neither...nor
(MY SISTER NEITHER DRINKS NOR SMOKES)
None
(NONE OF THEM ARE COMING)
Not only
(NOT ONLY DID I DO MY HOMEWORK ,I ALSO GOT AN EIGHT FOR IT)
Not...for
(I´M BLAME MYSELF FOR NOT PAYING ATTENTION)
No sooner...than
(NO SOONER HAD I STEPPED OUT,THAN IT STARTED RAINING)
Double negatives
Rarely used
Intention to make a positive statement
Stressed in spoken English
Negative prefixes
VERBS (dis / mis / un / de )
"MY INTERNET CONNECTION IS NOT WORKING PROPERLY, I WILL DISCONNECT MY ROUTER INSTEAD" "THOSE PAIRS OF SANDALS DO NOT DISLIKE ME",
"I THINK YOU ARE MISINFORM, CHECK IT BEFORE"
"SHE WAS MISBEHAVING"
"I'VE BOUGHT A MIRROR, I NEED TO UNPACK IT" "MY FREEZER IS COLAPSED, I NEED TO DEFROST IT"
NOUNS (Anti / non / in / dis / de)
"I'VE BEEN RUNNING FOR HOURS, I NEED WATER AND ANTIPERSPIRANT"
"I DON'T BELIEVE WHAT YOU ARE SAYING, IT IS NONSENSE", "THAT'S IS INJUSTICE" "IT'S TOO LATE, I RUN WITH DISADVANTAGE TODAY"
ADJECTIVES (Anti / in / ir-il-im / dis / non / un)
"MY KNEE IS SWOLLEN, I NEED TO TAKE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PILLS". "YOU HAVE TO COMPLETE THIS EXERCISE, IT IS INCOMPLETE" "THAT'S IMPOSSIBLE!" - "I HAVE AN IRREGULAR HAIRCUT" -
"DON'T DO IT, IT IS ILLEGAL" -
"HE'S A DISHONEST PERSON" -
"DON'T WORRY ABOUT HOW DOES HE LOOKS LIKE, HE'S NON-VIOLENT" -
"THIS CHAIR IS UNCOMFORTABLE"
can be used with verbs in the negative form:
" THAT EXERCISE IS NOT INCOMPLETE AT ALL" "SMOKING IS NOT ILLEGAL"
Restrictive adverbs and quantifiers
Quantifiers (few/little - only without a/an)
Adverbs of frequency (rarely/seldom/hardly ever)
Adverbs of degree (hardly/scarcely/barely)
Used with positive verbs and positive question tags
Adverbs of frequency sometimes put before the verb for emphasis in writing
Uses of NO and NOT
NO to introduce negative replies
(NO, I HAVEN'T)
NOT with verb to make negative statement
(SHE IS NOT AN ARTIST)
NOT+ANY + noun to express absence and lack
(THEY WON'T GET ANY HELP FROM JANE)
NO + noun (emphatic)
(THERE IS NO REASON TO DO THAT)
NO + comparative
(IT IS NO FASTER THAN WHAT I SAID)
NO + diffrerent
(IT IS NO DIFFERENT FROM WHAT I'M DOING.)
Negative questions
Adding n`t to a form of BE or to the auxiliary, or using negative adverb
NOT for formal language
Check or confirm that sthg we believe is correct, we expect positive answer
Suspect tha sthg we believe is not correct, we expect negative answer
We can answer negative questions yes or no
If we give the oposite response to what the speaker expects, we must soften the response with an explanation
Uses
To persuade soMeone to do something (
AREN`T YOU JOINING US?
)
To give an opinion which expects agreement (
WASN`T THE FILM INCREDIBLE?
)
To express surprise that sthg is not correct (
WEREN`T YOU ILL YESTERDAY?
)
To express criticism or complaint (why) (
WHY DIDN`T YOU DO THE ASSIGNMENT YET?
)
Uses of NO with quantifiers and adjectives
NOT + positive quantifier
(
NOT ALL
PEOPLE LIKE WINTER)
NOT + adverb+adjective
(THERE
AREN´T MANY BLUE
CARS)
NOT + adjective (less strong than opposite adjective)
("How are you, Nick?" "
NOT TOO BAD
, and you?"
NOT + adjective with negative prefix (less definition than opposite adjective)
(THERE
AREN´T PINK INORGANIC
BAGS)
Verbs with negative meaning
Fail/ deny/avoid
I FAIL TO UNDERSTAND YOUR MOTIVATION FOR DOING THIS
They can be made negative
THE BOY DIDN'T DENY COPYING HIS HOMEWORK
They can take a negative question tag
FRAN FAILED HER DRIVING TEST AGAIN, DIDN'T SHE?