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Ancient civilisations images (42) - Coggle Diagram
Ancient civilisations 
Mesopotamia
Location: On page 6, it said the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers flow through the Middle East. Originally, the people that lived there didn't have a name for it, but the Greeks called it Mesopotamia.
(Steele )
Architecture: On page 24, it said "The ziggurats were made to represent a mountain that stretched from Earth to the heavens. Like the ancient pyramids of America, ziggurats performed a part of sacred precincts, which were thought to be the early dwelling places of the gods." (Steele 24)
Writing: In the text it said when the first cities came, people started to keep records of ownership, business deals, and government. The Sumerians created the first writing system. (Steele 12)
Art: The mesopotamians had many crafts and technologies at an early point in their history. They had clay that they molded by the eighth millennium. (Steele)
Government: In the text it said there were pillars all around the city so people could see them clearly and knew that they were unchanging. "In 1595 BCE Babylon was attacked by Hittites, and the city later fell to Kassites and Assyrians." (Steele)
Religion: Every city had a different deity to worship. When the moon was a crescent, it was believed to be the Moon god's boat. (Steele 14)
Ancient Egypt
Religion: In the text it said that egyptians worshiped hundreds of gods and goddesses, and sometimes it was hard to tell who was who. Many of the gods were represented by animals. (Hart 24)
Architecture: On page 20 it says The first pyramid was built as a burial place of King Djoser in c. 2650 BCE, by his gifted architect Imhotep. The largest pyramid of all is the Great Pyramid at Giza, built for King Khufu in c. 2589 BCE. (Hart 20)
Art: On page 50, it said that the Egyptians enjoyed life to the full and that they loved to party and dance. Party scenes were painted onto tomb walls, there were songs on papyri, and there were musical instruments that show us how much music and dance meant to them. (Hart 50)
Location: On page 8 it said that Egypt is 90% covered in a desert that is also called the red lands. The egyptians mostly lived on the banks along the Nile which helped with water, farming, and travel. (Hart 8)
Writing: On page 34 it says scribes had to be experts in writing hieroglyphs, an elaborate form of picture-writing with about 700 different signs. It was deliberately kept complicated so that not too many people could master it and the scribes kept their special position. (Hart 34)
Government: In the text it said when people approached the king, they often kissed the ground at his feet because he was so powerful and thought of highly. It also said that cups, bowls, and other things for food were buried with the king for him to use in the afterlife. (Hart 12)
Ancient China
Writing: On page 11, it said that Oracle Bones were used to consult ancestors about important matters by The Shang Kings. To make an Oracle Bone, they would use an Ox Bone or Tortoiseshell. They would write their question on the Oracle Bone, and would proceed to burn the bone, leaving a crack on the bone as the "answer" to their problems. (Cotterell)
Art: In the text it says that China was/is known for its amazingly beautiful ceramics. (Hints the word Fine China) and they are one of the biggest suppliers of clay and porcelain. One of the most famous was created in the Ming dynasty, which is blue and white porcelain. (Cotterell 56)
Architecture/Technology: On page 22 it said that some of the greatest inventions in the world came from China. This includes the Water Blast Furnace, which was used to make cast-iron products with a blast of heat. Another invention was The Earthquake Weatherclock, which was used to tell the emperor's when an earthquake had happened, and where, so that they could go help that village. (Cotterell)
Trade/Commerce: On page 58 it says that under the Mongols, trade flourished. They permitted merchants to trade freely throughout their empire. The Mongols controlled the entire Silk Road. International trade also thrived because caravans made it safer to travel long distances. (Cotterell)
Location: In the text it said the early Chinese dynasties were located in Northern China, and they based most of their villages around the Yellow River. But over the years the dynasty leaders had spread out the civilization to cover even some of Mongolia. (Cotterell 10)
Government: On page 16 it says that the first emperor (Zheng) thought he would become immortal as emperor. He also disliked Confucius, so he would execute those who spoke against him with Confucius's philosophies. He would also hold book burnings and burn the Scholar's books when they spoke against him. Then obviously, he would have them jailed or executed. (Cotterell 16)
Religion: On page 26 it says that in Ancient China, religion was divided into three sections, Daoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism. In China, the people respected all religions, however there were sometimes disagreements between two religions. Over all, most people were Buddhist, but they were still respectful and not many people treated anyone different because of their religion. (Cotterell)
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