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Ancient Civilizations 152264_full - Coggle Diagram
Ancient Civilizations 
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Ancient China
writing: On page 11 it said, oracle bones were used to consult ancestors about important matters by the Shang kings. To make an oracle bone they would use an ox bone or tortoiseshell. They would burn the bone and the cracks were deciphered as answered to their questions.( Cotterell)
Art: On page 56 it says,'' from the Shang dynasty onward, Chinese rulers controlled the supply of raw materials and an the government factories manned by skilled artisans. Unlike the merchants who sold sold their handiwork artisans were well thought of in China. After the scholars and the peasants farmers,artisans were consider the most important members of society.
(Cotterell)
Location: The Author wrote,"The landscape of imperial China was dotted with walled towns and cities.These Enclosed urban communities were centers of government and the power of the authorities was reinforced by town planning. Towns and cities were traditionally built on a grid system and divided into sections called the wards.Each ward was surrounded by walls with gates that were locked every evening. (Cotterell)
Religion: On page 26 it said,'' In Imperial China, the religious beliefs were divided into '' the three ways'' of Confucianism, Daoism, and buddhism. Throughout its long history, China was tolerant of all of the religions. Although there were some disagreements over religious principles, few people were persecuted for their beliefs.
(Cotterell)
Government: On page 62 it says,"During the last 250 years of the Chinese empire, the throne was occupied by the Manchus, a non- Chinese people from the north of the Great Wall. Qing emperors feared that change might lead to a Chinese rebellion, and they clung to outdated traditions. In 1911, the Chinese overthrew their weakened Manchu rulers to set up a republic. (Cotterell)
Trade/commerce: On page 58 it said, "the Mongols emperors ruled China from 1279 to 1368 and permitted merchants to trade freely throughout their vast empire. They controlled the entire length of Silk Road, a series of trade routes that ran from northern China across Asia. International trade thrived because caravans could travel without danger."
(Cotterell)
architecture/technology: On page 22, the text says that the astronomical clockwork "told the time of day and tracked the heavenly bodies so that accurate horoscopes could be drawn." That is a very advanced invention during that time. Most Dynasties or civilizations were not that advanced to tell time. ( Cotterell)
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Indus Valley
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Religion The passage said, The Aryans came from an area of Central Asia near the Caucasus Mountains, they moved southeast and eventually taking over the entire part of Indus valley near the year 1500 Bc. They also spoke called Sanskrit which became basis of many modern south Asian language. There are little archaeological evidence showing how india's Aryan people lived. https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home/1500-bc-aryans
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