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Ancient river_377603497_1000 - Coggle Diagram
Ancient
Mesopotamia
Location: on page 6, it said that " the ancient Greeks called it Mesopotamia, meaning between the rivers." Ancient Mesopotamia was in the border of what is now modern-day Iraq. (Steele)
Writing: The author wrote. "The Sumerians devised the worlds first script or writing system. At first they used picture symbols to represent objects such as cattle, grain, or Fish."
Religion: The author wrote "That they believed that the stars traveling across the night sky were cows of sin or Nanna, the horned moon god". Ancient Mesopotamia religion believe in worshipping many gods. (Steele 14)
Art
Writing
Goverment:
Architecture: On page 24 it says "A lasting symbol of ancient mesopotamia is the ziggurat". " a massive terraced platform made of brick. It represented a mountain stretched to the Heavens to the Earth. (Steele)
Ancient Egypt:
Government: The Pharaohs undertook military campaigns and abroad in Palestine. The Egyptian army was a really good and organized. (Hart 36)
Art: Lots of everything was made with gold. All the Jewelry was attached to a object by soldering Egyptian Jewelers. (Hart 56)
Architecture: In 2650 BCE the first pyramid was built. It rose in 6 stages and is called the Step Pyramid,It was built for King Khufu in 2589 BCE and it is 450ft. (Hart 20)
Location: The Egyptians live on the bank of the Nile river or beside canals extending from it. They named there land the black land after the rich slit were the farmers grew there crops. The Nile river flood began for the year of the Egyptian farmer.(Hart 8)
Writing: In writing there was 700 different signs. They could be written from right to left or from left to right.(Hart 34)
Religion: The Egyptians worshiped hundreds of different gods and goddesses. It was also quite difficult to find out who was who. Lots of the Gods were represented by animals. Every 42 different administrative districts or nomes had its own god. (Hart 24)
Ancient China: Ancient China remained untouched by outside. Vast deserts and mountain ranges cut off china from other cultures in india. (Page 6 Cotterell)
Religion:
Trade: The Mongol emperors ruled China from 1279 - 1368. International trade thrived because caravans traveled with no danger. Chinese merchants had large fortunes by exporting luxury goods. (Page 58 Cotterell)
Government: Genghis Khan ruled until 1206-1227. The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries were the largest land empire in history and stretched from Japan to Hungary.
Location: The mongol empire was founded by Genghis Khan which stretched from Eastern Asia to Eastern Europe. Other Muslim powers such as the Mali Empire and Delhi Sultanate conquered large parts of West Africa and the Indian subcontinent.
Agriculture in the middle ages saw many changes due to famine and epidemics. The use of animals also helped with farming and crops.
Art: Artists brushed ink washes onto special absorbent paper. Someone might paint a scene, and another one would add a line of poetry in a stylish calligraphy. The brushes they make are made out of things like Goat hair tips and buffalo horn handles. (Cotterell 32)
Architecture: Chinese rulers controlled the supply of raw materials and unlike the merchants who sold their handiwork. artisans were well thought of in china. (Cotterell 56)
Writing: The other wrote that a tortoiseshell was burned and cracked to answer important questions from the people to their ancestors. They believed that the answers were written on the bones after the fire. During this time, the Shang kings used the different bones to talk to their ancestors. (Cotterell 11)
Indus Valley:
Location: The website states (
https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home
) that the Indus River valley covers almost all of Pakistan and the North western region of India and a small part of Afghanistan. The Indus valley was a region rich in fertile soil. The Indus plain is surrounded by high mountains, desert, and ocean.
Writing: From the website (
https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home
Over 400 symbols have been undercovered from different locations. Many of the symbols are located on seals, ceramic pots, and other types of materials. The lack of texts means there is no real insight of the details of the Indus society.
Architecture/Technology: In this source (
https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home
) The people within the Indus Valley created well-planned cities and at the time lots of them cared about hygiene and they wanted their cities to resemble that. With the cities lots people could obtain water from wells some houses even had the waste water directed to cover drains and these were lined in the major streets this was super advanced for this time.
Religion: From the website (
https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home
) The Aryans came from an area of Central Asia near the Caucasus Mountains. There was a sacred writing called the Vedas, they all are mostly religious texts but they also described famous victories of the Aryans once they invaded India. Brahmanism was heavily influenced than it was later developed and Hinduism came in.
Government: According to (
https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home/1500-bc-aryans
it states that the Caste system had a big impact on modern day society for India. In the Caste system its something your born into and cannot change unless you do what your suppose to and do good deeds. This gets you a better chance into getting into a higher power, People were divided by there wealth and occupation.
