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Population dynamics - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Heath services and hospitals will need to be able to accomodate the needs of a young population (more clinics, specialists, immunise and vaccinate infants
      - More primary schools
      - Increase taxation
    - - Food supply will need to increase
      - Expand the economy
      - The population growth will provide a pool of labour
- - - - Up to 1750 both death and birth rates were high --->very little grow
        
        From about 1750 birth rates remained high, but death rate dropped rapidly ---->increased life expectancy Causes: improvements in farming techinques, in food handling and in transport so food supply increased, reducing malnutrition; improvements in public healthcare (e.g. vaccinatios) and in personal hygiene; improved water supply and sewage disposal.
        
        In the 20th century birth rate fell and death rate continued to fall (life expectancy increased), so population grow accelerated.
        Reduced birth rate causes: access to contraceptios, family planning, increases in wages, increased urbanisation (less children needed as labour force) , improvements in the status and education of women.
        Reduced death rate causes: improvements in health care and nutrition, reduction in subsistence agricolture (better quality of food available), increases in wages, reductio in wars and conflicts
        
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        Over population: increase in the birth rate accompained by a decrease in the death rate
        
        Consequences
        
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        Under population
        
        Low level of production
        
        Resources underused
        
        Shortage of workers
        
        High taxes
        
        Lack of government income
        
        Small market for goods and services
        
        Low value of exports
        
        Fewer people to pay taxes