HASS Jorja Pagels 2021
Government, Democracy and the Citizen
6 Key Concepts
The Westminster System
Justice
Democratic Values
Participation
Democracy
Rights & Responsibilities
Democracy is a system of government in which people choose their rulers by voting for them in elections. Democracy is a system of running organizations, businesses, and groups in which each member is entitled to vote and take part in decisions.
freedom of speech, expression and religious belief;
freedom of assembly and political participation;
rule of law; and
other basic human rights.
freedom of election and being elected;
The Westminster system is a parliamentary system of government that was developed in England, which is now a constituent country within the United Kingdom
Justice means punishing actions or words that are wrong and upholding things that are good. This helps ensure that wrongs will be ended and rights will be upheld thereby leading to a safer society for everyone.
Participatory democracy emphasizes the broad participation of constituents in the direction and operation of political systems. Etymological roots of democracy
In a democracy, having rights and responsibilities is important. By having rights is gives Australians the power to be how they choose and go into different pathways for there life. While having responsibilities is respecting others beliefs and their lifestyles
Government
3 Levels of Government
State
Local
Federal
It administers (puts into action) laws in relation to defence, immigration, foreign affairs, trade, postal services and taxation.
State government handles Schooling/education, Health care & Transportation.
Local Government covers areas such as Garbage collection, Libraries, Child care centres and everything to do with in a local area such as Stirling or Forrest-field.
Federal government can regulate interstate and foreign commerce, declare war and set taxing, spending and other national policies.
State government is responsible for creating state legislation that can become state law. They are also responsible for approving the state budget and initiating tax legislation
Local government, authority to determine and execute measures within a restricted area inside and smaller than a whole state.
Rights
Rights Before the police
Right to interpreter
Right to an independent adult
Right to remain silent
Right to refuse forensic samples.
Generally do not have to answer questions unless charged (except name & address)
In the event one doesn’t understand English well
If under the age of 18 you have the right to request an appropriate adult (usually parent/guardian) to be present when being questioned.
Such as giving over your hair, saliva, or fingerprints
Political parties
Labour
Liberal
click to edit
Australia's Legal System
Types of Law
Civil Law
Deals with disputes between individuals ( family law, contract law, Tort law). If an individual has their rights infringed or is harmed by another person , He/she/they can sue the other part for damaged
Protects individuals by dealing with their disputes over an action (or inaction) that results in loss or harm.
Criminal Law
Statutory Law
Common Law
Law made by parliament
Law made by judges
Parliament
Two Houses of Parliament
click to edit
Senate
House of Representatives
The Senate consists of 76 people , which are each elected to represent one of Australia's six states or two territories.
Propose, debate and vote on bills and amendments.
Upper House
Lower House
Governor General
Gives royal assent.
All About Australia
Representative Democracy
Parliamentary System
Federal Monarchy
Constitutional Monarchy
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PARLIAMNET AND GOVERNMENT
Parliament comprises all the members elected to the House of Representatives and the Senate, whilst the Government comprises these members of the given party that has won the most seats in a legislative assembly,
Voting
Factors that influence voting.
Sociological
Psychological
Influences how somebody sees politcs
Influences a voter's personal qualities
Preferential Voting
Preferential voting is when a candidate running for parliament must receive more than half of the votes//Majority.
Why politics use social media.
Politics use social media as a way of campaigning their political parties. They use this tactic as statistic show that advertising through social media influences people to change their views on politics.
,
Campaining
Coercion
Social Media
Non legal and legal rules
Non legal rules and legal rules (laws) are different as non legal rules consist of rules that imposed upon an individual and/or group of people so working together is less complicated. Legal rules (Laws) are imposed by the courts and mandatory to follow, they can result in sanction if broken
Laws
Why do we have them?
We have laws to establish boundaries and standards of acceptable behaviour. They also help maintain unified societies by preventing disputes from arising and placing order.
.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO
They both deal with different types of disputes, ones against people and one against Australia's Legal System.
Key Principles of justice
Equality before the law
Independent Judicary
Right to appeal
All people must be treated equally before the law, regardless of their race, background, ethnicity or sex.
Why is it imporant?
click to edit
Equality before the law is important as it ensure anti-discrimination amongst everybody :D
Allows people to appeal there case if they feel it is unfair or biased. Provided their reasons for appeal are at reasonable grounds.
Why is it Important?
The right to appeal is important as it allows an individual to have their own input on their case and allow any unfair properties to be looked upon and acted upon.
The courts are separate from the elected parliament and government
Why is it important?
Having an independent judicary is important as it ensures nobody, not even the government, can be above the law
Who is disadvantaged by our Legal system?
.
Asylum Seekers
Intellectual disabilities
click to edit
Refugees
Language Barries
Discrimination
Unable to register/defend themselves
Undermining the Justice System
Coercion of witnesses
Trial by Media
Bribery
Court delays
Taking money from somebody to alter the outcome of a court case or trial.
Impacts how the court views a person due to online influence - Can influence the juries view
Increases cost and causes excessive emotional stress
Forced to answer against their own will
HIERACHY OF WA AND AUSTRALIA
How are they made?
Made by parliament (mostly)