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Autoimmune, Rheumatoid arthritis - Coggle Diagram
Autoimmune
Signs and symptoms
Tender, warm, swollen joints
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Fatigue, fever and loss of appetite
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Clinical manifestation
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Swelling. As a result of swelling joints, function is hampered.
Warmth. The affected joint is heated, and the joints are spongy or swampy when palpated.
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Rheumatoid nodules are a kind of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid nodules are nontender and moveable nodules found in the subcutaneous tissue of people with advanced RA.
Pathophysiology
An autoimmune reaction occurs when the body's immune system attacks itself. The autoimmune reaction in RA mostly affects the synovial tissue.
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Collagen deterioration The enzymes tear down collagen, generating edema, synovial membrane growth, and eventually pannus development.
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Degenerative alterations are taking place. Muscle fibers degenerate, and suppleness and contractile power in tendons and ligaments deteriorate.
Nursing care plan
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Fatigue Reduction
Give instructions on how to deal with fatigue: Describe the relationship between disease activity and weariness, as well as the comfort measures available, and build and support a sleep pattern.
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Self-care facilitation
Assist the patient in identifying self-care inadequacies and reasons that obstruct their capacity to do so.
Body Image and Coping Skills Improvement
Assist the patient in identifying aspects of disease symptoms and treatment that they can control.
Causes
Genetics. Researchers discovered that those who have the HLA shared epitope gene marker had a fivefold increased risk of getting rheumatoid arthritis than those who do not have the marker.
Agents of infection. Infectious agents such as bacteria and viruses can cause the disease to develop in someone whose genes make them more susceptible.
Hormones that affect women. Women account for 70% of persons with RA, and this is due to hormonal swings in women.
Environmental considerations are important. Exposure to cigarette smoke, air pollution, and insecticides are all examples of environmental variables.
Occupational hazards. Silica and mineral oil, for example, can cause injury to the worker and result in I
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