Biological Molecules
The Chemistry of Life
4 main chemicals?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nicleic acids
8 chemicals they are mainly composed of?
Carbon
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
smaller amounts of what?
Calcium
Phosphorus
Potassium
Sulfur
Whats so special about Carbon?
Can readily ...... with each other to form ...... of various lengths. These act like a ....... among which other ......./....... ... ....... can be attached. This gives a range of ....... and ....... of molecule, all ....... on ........
What is an organic molecule?
Any carbon containing molecule
Can form 4 ....... bonds
Bonding
Monomers and Polymers
Monomer
Polymer
A small ........ from which ....... ........ are made
molecules made from large numbers of .......... ........ called monomers joined together
Polymerisation - The process of ....... ..... ........ together to form a .......
Covalent Bonding
Ionic Bonding
Hydrogen Bonding - The -region of one ........ .......... and the +region of another attract. The ........... ........ ... ........ is the H bon. Usually between H2O molecules. +H on one molecule is attracted to the -O on the other. ....... individually but ....... ............
Mono-, Di-, Tri-, Tetra-, Penta-, Hexi- an Poly-.
Examples?
Glucose, Nucleic acids, Galactose, Fructose.
Examples?
Maltose, DNA, RNA, Cellulose, Starch, Glycogen
Lipids are polymers too T or F
F. But Why?
They do not have ....... .......
......... ....... ... ........ resulting in a full outer shells of all the atoms in the bond
A +ion and a -ion attract. The ............... ......... .. .......... is the ionic bond
The -region of one ........ .......... and the +region of another attract. The ........... ........ ... ........ is the H bon. Usually between H2O molecules. +H on one molecule is attracted to the -O on the other. ....... individually but ....... ............