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OSTEOARTHRITIS IMG_20210913_091635_145 - Coggle Diagram
OSTEOARTHRITIS 
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Clinical manifestations
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Loss of flexibility, unable to move joint through its full range
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Bone spurs, extra bits of bone that feel like lumps can form on affected joint
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Stiffness, joint stiffness
Causes
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Older age, risk increases with age
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Pathophysiology
Exposure of underlying mitochondrial bone leads to sclerosis, followed by reactive modelling changes that lead to formation of osteophytes and subchondrial bone cysts
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Release of enzymes from these cells break down collagen and proteoglycans, destroying the articular cartilage
Involves degradation of cartilage and re-modelling of bone due to an active response of chondrocytes in the articular cartilage and the inflammatory cells in the surrounding tissues
Care plan
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Provide pain relieve measures such as analgesics as prescribed by doctor and changing of positions while in bed
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Assess for level of pain on scale of 1-10, pain may be provoked by activity