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Defining the word, A word occurs between potential pauses in speaking.,…
Defining the word
Those that have only one lexeme in their structure.
We need some means of determining the boundaries of words
fot this
There must be some formal criteria for word hood which all speakers use.
Orthographic
A word is what occurs between spaces in writing.
Semantic
A word has semantic coherence; it expresses a unified semantic concept.
Phonological
Stress
A word spoken in isolation has one and only one primary stress
Morphological
A word has an internal cohesion and is indivisible by other units
Grammatical
Words fall into particular classes.
Syntactic
A word has external distribution or mobility; it is moved as a unit, not in parts.
But the term word
May be used in a number of different ways.
It may refer to the word form, the physical unit or concrete realization
either
The orthographical word (the written form).
The phonological word (the uttered or transcribed form)..
It may refer to the lexeme
Includes all inflected forms of a word
So It is a kind of abstraction or class of forms and is indicated by small capitals.
Example
walk – walk, walks, walked, walking
But the same word form may in fact represent different lexemes:
A homonym
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A homograph
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A homophone
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Word may also refer to a morphosyntactic word (or grammatical word).
Consist of a lexeme and associated grammatical meaning.
examples
I take the garbage out every week. (take + present)
I took the garbage out yesterday. (take + past)
The different morphosyntactic words are represented by different word forms (take,
took, taken).
but
I put the garbage out every week. (put + present)
I put the garbage out yesterday. (put + past)
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I have put the garbage out already. (put + past participle)
I have taken the garbage out already. (take + past participle)
A word occurs between potential pauses in speaking.
A potential pause
