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The Psychodynamic Approach - Coggle Diagram
The Psychodynamic Approach
Definition
Psychodynamic focus on how all of our behavior can be motivated by
unconscious motives
and
events that occurred in early childhood
1
Role of the unconscious
ind illustrated by the metaphor of the mental iceberg.
preconscious
beneath the surface
can be access when needed
memories
stored knowledge
unconscious
information very hard to retrieve
freud believes this is the biggest part of our mind
fear
instincts
distressing
painful
embarrassing
shameful or traumatic past experiences
conscious
top of the iceberg
mind consists of thoughts we are aware of
everyday thoughts
perceptions
direct motivate behavior without conscious awareness
it also protects from distressing, embarrassing, or painful materiel that would damage the psyche if recalled into conscious awareness
2
Structure of PERSONALITY
Superego
Angel
relentless policemen principle
continous insistence of the right thing
ID
Devil
Selfish part
pleasure principles
Ego
Reality
defends itself from the id-superego struggle via defence mechanisms
reality principle
3
defence mechanisms
ego's job is to defend from dangerous or harmful impulses
displacement
unconscious redirected a impulse and powerless substitute
serves symbolic subsitute
person
object
repression
ID has impulses that the ego does want allow into conscious mind
ego uses repression to protect itself from threatening/traumatic experiences by burying them deep in the unconscious mind
3.denial
Denial involves UNCONSCIOUSLY blocking external events from conscious awareness.
If a situation is just too much to handle, the person unconsciously cannot accept it.
projection
attribute unwanted thoughts and feelings
4
Psychosexual Development
0-1 oral stage
This stage lasts from birth to the first year
Id gratification is focused on the mouth
The mouth is the main “erogenous zone”.
Much effort directed toward stimulation of the mouth
Fixations at this stage
retentive fixations
expulsive fixations
1-3 anal stage
The stage lasts from 1 to 3 years of age
Potty training, control, and delayed gratification are issues during this time
Erogenous zone is the sphincter muscles of the anus and urinary tract
fixations at this stage
anal retentive personality
anal expulsive personality
3-6 Phallic Stage
The genital region becomes the primary source of id gratification
Children will be observed to be handling their genitals and parents should accept this as normal
6-11 Latency Stage
Sexual desires are strongly suppressed during this time through the resolution of the Oedipus (male) and Electra (female) complexes
Interests shift toward social interaction and there is no major shift in erogenous zones
The “troubled child” will be seen to have their problems seemingly disappear
