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Amnesia, Evaluation, Expected outcome - Coggle Diagram
Amnesia
Pathophysiology
Amnestic disorders are a series of disorders that involve loss of memories formerly established, loss of the ability to construct and establish new memories, or loss of the ability to gain or grasp new information.
Amnestic disorders are characterized by an inability to learn new information (short-term memory deficit) despite normal attention and an inability to recall previously learned information (long-term memory deficit).
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Anterograde amnesia refers to an inability to acquire new information or experiences occurring during the period of impairment.
Transient global amnesia occurs with confusion or agitation that comes and goes repeatedly over the course of several hours.
Infantile amnesia is a common phenomenon wherein most people can’t remember the first three to five years of life.
Amnestic disorders can occur in isolation, but in practice, they are most commonly seen within the more global syndromes of delirium or dementia.
Nursing care plan
Nursing diagnosis
Risk for trauma related to chronic alteration in structure or function of brain tissue secondary to the aging process, multiple infarcts, HIV disease, head trauma, chronic substance abuse, or progressively dysfunctional physical condition.
Chronic confusion related to alteration in structure or function of brain tissue secondary to long-term abuse of drug or toxic substances.
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The client will voluntarily spend time with staff and peers in day-room activities.
The client will exhibit increased feelings of self-worth as evidenced by voluntary participation in own self-care and interaction with others.
Nursing intervention
Encourage expression of feelings. Encourage client to express honest feelings in relation to loss of prior level of functioning; acknowledge pain of loss; support client through process of grieving.
Assist with memory deficit. Devise methods in assisting client with memory deficit; these aids may assist client to function more independently, thereby increasing self-esteem.
Encourage communication. Encourage client’s attempts to communicate; if verbalizations are not understandable, express to client what you think he or she intended to say.
Reminisce events with client. Encourage reminiscence and discussion of life review; also encourage discuss present-day events; sharing picture albums, if possible, is especially good.
Encourage group participation. Encourage participation in group activities; caregiver may need to accompany client at first, until he or she feels secure that group members will be accepting, regardless of limitations in verbal communication.
Provide client support. Offer support and empathy when client expresses embarrassment at inability to remember people, events, and places.
Encourage independence. Encourage client to be as independent as possible in self-care activities; provide written their schedule of tasks to be performed.
Client initiates own self-care according to The client then schedule and willingly accepts assistance as needed.
Client interacts with others in group activities, maintaining anxiety level in response to difficulties with verbal communication.
Signs and symptoms
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Inability to recall events. There is an inability to recall events from the recent past and events from the remote past.
Confabulation. The individual is prone to confabulation. That is, the individual may create imaginary events to fill in the memory gaps.
Other symptoms. Apathy, lack of initiative, and emotional blandness are common.
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