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DISORDERS OF THE ELDERLY, REHABILITATION, TYPES OF MUSCULO-SKELTAL…
DISORDERS OF THE ELDERLY
Depression
CAUSES ESPECIALLY IN ELDERLY
Low status
Poor functioning
Loss of income
Hopelessness
Independence
Definition of the Disorder
A mental health disorder characterized by persistently depressed mood or loss of interest in activities, causing significant impairment in daily life
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Therapeutic activities that will keep elderly thinking
Give psychological support
Antidepressants
Environmental adjustment
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Early morning waking
Loss of energy
Insomnia
Social personal disinterest
Poor appetite
POOR HEARING AND LOSS OF VISION
NURSING INTERVENTIONS FOR LOSS OF VISION
Nurse a patient in a bed with rail raised to avoid falling
Ensure that Patient is not going of the ward alone
Ensures that the patient take his or her medication
Ensure that the patient visit eye clinic
His or her should promote better vision
NURSING INTERVENTIONS FOR POOR HEARING
Remove wax
Avoid shouting when talking to him or her because it may even worsen the situation
Maintain a good hygiene
CAUSES ESPECIALLY IN ELDERLY
Excessive wax in the ears
Cataract may results in loss of vision
Conductive impairment
Glaucoma
Presbyopia
Diabetic retinopathy
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
DEFINITION OF THE DISORDER
Heart conditions that include diseased vessels, structural problems and blood clots.
CAUSES ESPECIALLY IN ELDERLY
Smoking
Alcohol consumption
Lifestyle changes
Aging
Genetic risk
COMMON DISEASES
Arrhythmias
Stroke
Myocardial infarction
Congestive cardiac failure
ELDERLY AT GREAT RISK
Elderly who is also smoking
Those who are diabetic
Those with hypertension
Hyperlipidaemia
Arterial fibrillation
HEALTH EDUCATION
Encourage them to do small exercises to relieve fatigue
Importance of taking their treatment
They should know appropriate diet that is good for their health. Eg low fat and salt diet
Strategies of avoiding unnecessary stress
Encourage elderly to quit smoking
REFERENCES
Juta's Complete Textbook of Medical and Surgical Nursing
https://nurseslabs.com/impaired-physical-mobility/
REHABILITATION
INTERVENTIONS
Maintain a good hygiene al the time
Ensure the Patient get a balanced diet
Encourage the elderly to move around the ward that can help in relieving fatigue
Extra fluids such as water must be ready available next to the patient
Monitoring of vital signs
Monitoring of intake and output in fluids chart
Daily Inspection of pressure parts
TYPE OF CARE AT LEAST THE ELDERLY SHOULD GET
Respective Dressing
Mobilizing
Good supply of meals
Bed Positioning to avoid skin damage
Ensures that the patient see other multi disciplinary team
MAIN GOALS
To provide psychological support
To relieve pains and other stressors
To fulfill the social and medical needs
REFERENCES
Juta's Complete Textbook of Medical and Surgical Nursing
https://nurseslabs.com/fracture-nursing-care-plans/
Definition of rehabilitation
This is the process of developing the client to the fullest physical, psychological, social, vocational and educational potential consistent with his or her physiological or anatomical impairment and environmental limitations
TYPES OF MUSCULO-SKELTAL DISORDERS
Immobility
This is the inability to move from one place to another without using aids like wheelchairs and crutches. This is most common in elderly people
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Assist the patient to do muscle exercise
Nurse a patient in a safe environment, bed should have rail raised to avoid falling
Ensure that the patient’s skin is clean and moisturize it if necessary
Give anti embolic stockings
Diet should contain a good nutrition that will give energy
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Inability to move purposefully within the physical environment, including bed mobility, transfers, and ambulation
Inability to perform action as instructed
Reluctance to attempt movement
Tendonitis
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Ensure that the patient get enough rest
Monitor daily activities
Give analgesia and unti inflammatory medication as prescribed
Help patient in bed Positioning
Avoid folding legs for long period of time
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Mild swelling
Tenderness
Joint pains
Definitions
This is the inflammation of the tendons which are the connective tissues between the muscles and bones
BONE FRACTURE
TYPES OF FRACTURES
Compete fracture
Displaced fracture
Partial fracture
Stress fracture
Closed or open fracture
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Swelling in affected limb
Unusual twist and bends
Sever pains
Difficulty using affected limb
DEFINITION
Bone fracture is the breaking of the bones die to an accident that occurred unexpectedly, it is common to elderly people as their skeletal system becomes weak
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Administer analgesia to relieve the patient from pains
Assist an elderly to exercise with unaffected limbs to promote health
Monitor the fluids intake and output to avoid dehydration
Teach the patient about ways of controlling edema
Frequently needed items must be next to patient's bed
Give nutrition that will promote bone healing such as food with calcium
Assess for signs of infection
Nurse a patient in a warm environment
REFERENCES
Juta's Complete Textbook of Medical and Surgical Nursing