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Delerium - Coggle Diagram
Delerium
Nursing interventions
Remove harmful substances around patient
Stay calm to prevent frightening patient
Provide appropriate enviroment for patient
Restrain patient as prescribed
Assess level of anxiety
Observe suicide precautions
Causes
Alcohol withdrawal
Dehydration
Urinary tract infections
Hypoglycemia
Substance abuse
Pathophysiology
During a systemic inflammatory response such as sepsis.
proinflammatory cytokines is released in the peripheral circulation enter the central nervous system.
altering endothelial function, diminishing perfusion, activating microglia.
causing neuronal apoptosis and neurotoxicity.
This process is self-propelling and can last for months after the initial event.
Symptoms
Disturbed sleeping habits
Lethargy or slowed movement
Restlessness,agitated behaviour
Hallucinations
Being emotionally withdrawn
Diagnostic tests
Psychological evaluation
Motor function
Cognitive function
Treatment
Melatonin or ramelteon
Thiamine and vitamin B12
Benzodiazipines
Definition
disturbance in mental abilities that results in confusion and reduced awareness of surroundings.
Reference
BCMJ, vol. 59 , No. 3 , April 2017 , Pages 165-170 Clinical Articles
By: Marisa Wan, MD, FRCPC Jocelyn M. Chase, MD, FRCPC