Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Bone Tumors images (12) - Coggle Diagram
Bone Tumors 
Defination
Bone Tumors, neoplasms of the musculoskeletal system are of various types including osteogenic, chondrogenic, fibrogenic, muscle and marrow cell tumors as well as nerve,vascular and fatty cell tumors.
Classification
Benign bone tumors
Slow growing, well circumscribed and encapsulated.
-
Enchondroma, common tumor of hyaline cartilage of the hand, femur, tibia and humerus.
Benign primary neoplasms include osteochondroma, enchondroma, bone cyst, osteoid osteoma and fibroma.
-
-
Osteochondroma, the most common benign tumor that may become malignant.
Osteoclastomas, are benign for long periods but may invade local tissue and cause distraction.
These tumors may undergo malignant transformation and metastasized.
Malignant Bone Tumors
-
Malignant primary musculoskeletal tumors include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewings sarcoma and fibrosarcoma.
Soft tissue sarcoma include liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma.
-
Osteogenic sarcoma is most common and is often fatal.
Most frequently affect children, adolescents and young adults.
Chondrosarcoma, the second most common primary malignant bone tumor, a large, bulky tumor that may grow and metastasize slowly or fast.
Tumor sites may include pelvis, femur, humerus, spine and scapula.
Metastatic Bone Disease
The most common primary site of tumors that metastasize to bone included kidneys, prostate, lung, breast, ovaries and thyroid.
Metastatic tumors most frequently attack the skull, spine, pelvis and humerus.
And often involve more than one bone (Hinkle & Cheever, 2014).
Secondary bone tumors, more common than any primary malignant bone tumor.
Clinical manifestations
-
-
Weight loss, malaise and fever.
Progressive pain, paraplegic, gait abnormality
-
Pathophysiology
A tumor of the bone causes the normal bone tissue to react by osteolytic response or osteoblastic response.
-
-
-
Malignant Bone tumors invade and weaken the structure of the bone until the pathologic fracture results.
Benign bone tumors with a symmetric controlled growth pattern, place pressure on adjacent bone tissue.
-
Nursing management
Assess patient's neurovascular status and range of motion of the extremity to provide baseline data.
Monitor vital signs, assess for the development of complications such as infection and pulmonary emboli.
-
Gently palate the mass and note its size and associated soft tissue swelling, pain and tenderness.
-
-
-
Assist the patient in dealing with changes in the body image due to surgery and possible amputation, encourage selfcare and socialization.
Diagnosis
CT scan, myelography, MRI and x-ray studies.
-
-