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PROKARYOTES VS. EUKARYOTES - Coggle Diagram
PROKARYOTES VS.
EUKARYOTES
Eukaryotes
Definition: a cell that has a membrane-bound
nucleus and other membrane-bound compartments or sacs called organelles
Plant vs. Animal cells
Plant cells:
have cell walls , chloroplasts, plasmodestmata,
and plastids used for storage and a large central vacuole
Plants (AUTOTROPHS) are able to make their own food. Think photosynthesis
Central vacuole:
Regulates the cells concentration of water and changing the environmental conditions. In plants the liquid inside the central vacuole provides turgor support
Chloroplast:
Functions in photosynthesis and is able to help plants make their own food
Cell walls:
Rigid covering that protects his cell, provide structural support, and give shape to the cell
Animal cells:
have centrioles, centromosomes, and lysosomes
Animals (HETEROTROPHS) must rely on other organisms for their organic compounds or food source
Cells contain:
plasma membrane
nucleus
smooth ER
rough ER
golgi apparatus
mitochondira
Plasma membrane: is made up of a Phospholipid bilayer With embedded proteins that separates the internal content of the cell from the surrounding environment
Nucleus:
Houses cell DNA in the form of chromatin and directs the synthesis of ribosomes and proteins
Smooth ER:
Synthesis of carbohydrates, lipids, steroid hormones, detoxification of medications and poison, alcohol metabolism, and storage of calcium
Rough ER:
ER transfers newly synthesize proteins into the lumen of the RER are where they undergo modifications
Golgi Apparatus:
Responsible for sorting, tagging, Packaging and distribution of lipids and proteins
Mitochondria:
Known as the powerhouse of the cell. The mitochondria is responsible for making ATP
Prokaryotes
Definition: simple, single-celled (unicellular) organisms that LACKS a nucleus, or any other membrane bound organelles.
4 common components: plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA
Ribosomes
Plasma membrane:
a outer covering that seperates
the cells interior from its surrounding
environment.
Cytoplasm:
consisting of a jelly like region within the cell in which cellular components
are found.
DNA:
genetic material of a cell
Prokaryotic DNA is found in the
central part of the cell
Ribosomes:
particles that synthesize proteins
Much smaller than
eukaryote cells
Allows ions and organic molecules that enters them to quickly spread to other parts of the cell
Bacteria