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Academic Writing and Research Skills - Coggle Diagram
Academic Writing and Research Skills
1. What is Academic Writing?
Features
Critical
Precise
Balanced
Objective
Formal
Structured
Evidenced
Key Elements
Planning
Analyse the title of assignment
Identifying content words
Identifying command/ process words
Brainstorming Ideas
Creative solutions
Deciding what to write about
Focus on quality
Withhold Criticisim
Welcome unusual ideas
Combine and improve ideas
Freewriting
Writing full sentences
Put words on paper
Putting voice into writing
Identifying Relevant Resources
Provide literature
Consult reading lists
Being Critical
Pointing out what is wrong
Paying close attention
Questioning and interrogation
Assessing scholar's contributions
Reading Critically
Capture key points
Develop a contect
Revise and structure later
Intertextuality
Making connections between texts
Putting forward your understanding
Draw idea together
Build a context
Make your own assertion
Structuring argument and Substantiating claims
Read scholarly writings
Show critical and objective outlook
Tone controlled and reasonable
Finding your voice
Showing different perspective
Reflect life experience
Educational background
Philosophical values
Academic Writing in Different Disciplines
Approaches for a task
Content
Research Methods
Citing Styles
Use of passive voice
Reviewing your writing
Spelling check
Grammar check
Sentence structure
Logic sequencing
Ensuring reference list
Checking Administrative Requirements
Spacing
Font size
Page numbers
Observe word limit
Types of Academic Writing
An essay
A report
longest writing
A review
A reflective blog
Dissertation
a description of what students has done
2. What is a Research Skill?
Research skills are what helps us answer burning questions
Research Skills
Critical Thinking
Imagination and creativity
Information seeking
Analysis
Statistical Analysis
Data Collection
Methodology
Problem Solving
Logic and Reasoning
Dissemination
Communication
How to improve your Research Skills
Develop an inquiring mind
New knowledge
New developments
New ideas
Explore and Diagnose
What is the problem?
Whose problem is it?
Insight and perspective
Where does the problem occur?
What is the history?
Formulate Problem Statement
Clear and concise discription
Formulate open questions
Main questions
Center questions
Sub-questions
Plan your research
Relevance and target group
Describe a topic
Type of research
Theories
Operationalism
Subject of research
Methods and Techniques
Scope of research
Field research and processing
Keep updates and feedback
Interaction
Lecturer
Client
Sponsor
Stakeholders
Submit regularly
Reporting outcomes
3. What is Plagiarism?
A serious misconduct of academic misconduct
Acts of Plagiarism
Written texts
Visual texts
Multimedia products
Spoken texts
Creative work
Another person's assignment
Copyright Act No. 98 of 1978
Why Plagiarism matters?
Unethical
Intellectual theft
Can be avoided
Types of Plagiarism
Direct plagiarism
Copy and paste
Wrong citing
Failing to credit
Paraphrasing without credit
Mosaic Plagiarism
Submitting marked work
Global/Auto- Plagiarism
How can it be avoided?
Write from scratch
Use quotations
Paraphrase and summarise
Reference
Keep taps on sources
Detect plagiarism
Turnitin
Plagiarism checker
4.
Ethical Clearance
Ethics are moral or professional code of conduct
Importance of Ethical clearance
Ensure responsibility and accountability
Minimise risks
Ensuring beneficial outcomes
Stakeholders
Researcher
Participants
Funding body
Policy makers
Research community
Participants
Informed consent
Formally informing participants
Giving their consent
Collecting Data
Informed of their identities
Personal information
Dealing with Sensitive information
Protecting personal feelings
Providing Incentives
Motivating participants
Rewarding
Avoiding Harm
Physical harm
Emotional painful memories
Participant's status
Confidentiality vs anonymity
Fulfill promise of anonymity
Protecting identity
Deception
Give full debriefing
Sign for acknowledgement
Honesty
Approaches
Personal ethical code
Learn from other's mistakes
Educate yourself
Ethical partner
Ethical issues: Researcher
Falsifying information
Bias
Misusing information
Inappropriate research methods
Distorting results