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Carbohydrates - Carbon Hydrogen and Oxygen - Coggle Diagram
Carbohydrates - Carbon Hydrogen and Oxygen
Based on the functional group
Aldo sugars - GLucose, Xylose
Keto sugars - Fructose
Based on the number of carbon atoms
Simple sugars
Pentoses - 5 carbon atoms - Ribose, Xylose
Tetroses - Sugars with 4 carbon atoms
Hexoses - 6 carobon atoms - Glucose, Fructose, Galactose,
Heptoses - 7 carbon atoms
Disaccharides and oligosaccharides
Reducing - Most of the disaccharides - Two mono saccharides - Lactose, Maltose
Non-reducing disaccharides - Sucrose, Trehalose
Tri saccharides - 3 mono saccharides - Raffinose - cabbage,
Tetra saccharides - 4 mono saccharides - Stachyose
Oligosaccharides > 4 monosaccharides
Cyclodextrins - 6 to 8 glucose units in a cyclic form
Dextrins - Polymers of glucose
FOS - Fructo oligo saccharides - Fructose oligomers - Onions
XOS - Xylooligo saccharides - Legumes, Outercover
Polysaccharides / Glycans
Homoglycans - Made of repeating units of a single monomer - Starch and Cellulose, Glycogen (glucose polymers)
Inulin - Fructose polymer
Heteroglycans - Polymer with different monomers Depending on the source
Fruit and Vegetable source - Pectin
Seed glycans - Locust bean gum, Gum arabic
Seed coat glycans - Pentosans - Arabinose and Xylose
Tree exudates - Gum ghattic
*Microbial sources - Curdlan, Gellan, Xanthan
Marine sources - Agar, Sea weed extracts