ADHD in children

Lambez Non-pharmacological interventions for cognitive difficulties in ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis

studies published between 1980 and 2017 -after risk of bias assessement final meta-analysis
included 18 studies

Four categories: 1 neurofeedback,
2 cognitive-behavioral therapy,
3 cognitive training,
4 physical exercises


All interventions
showed moderate to large effect sizes, indicating their success in reducing
cognitive symptoms, as compared to control or less effective
interventions.

Aim assess prominent
behavioral and cognitive interventions for ADHD and examined their
effect on cognitive symptomatology

outcomes slight increased improvement when medication
was combined with a non-pharmacological interventions
highlights the added
benefit of a combined medication and non-pharmacological intervention

physical exercise,
regardless of type, was found to be the most effective in targeting
and reducing cognitive symptoms of ADHD.

Followed by CBT

Note this study has all ages of participants could use for CBT but not helpful as comparision due to age range

Goode AP, Coeytaux RR, Maslow GR, et al. (2018) Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics. 2018;141(6):e20180094

comparisons
any ADHD nonpharmacologic treatment
strategy v
placebo,
pharmacologic, or another
nonpharmacologic treatment

Intervention type
1 neurofeedback,
2 cognitive training,
3 cognitive behavioral therapy,
4 child or parent training,
5 dietary omega
fatty acid supplementation
6 herbal and/or dietary approaches

BI v

neurofeedback to behavioral
treatment
and found that the group
treated with neurofeedback showed
greater improvement
in a continuous
performance test score

psychoeducation v
general clinical counseling
significant difference in the attention deficit/
hyperactivity disorder
rating scale IV
[No direction mentioned]

significant difference in
the CBCL Change in Attention
Problems Subscale at 6 months when
comparing behavioral-based social
skill training for patient and parent

groups to V group therapy

Findings parent
behavior treatment could improve
behavior among preschool-aged
children with high risk for ADHD

DIET

54 studies of nonpharmacologic treatments Participant age 17 years of age and younger

Pelsser, L. M., Frankena, K., Toorman, J., & Rodrigues Pereira, R. (2017). Diet and ADHD, reviewing the evidence: a systematic review of meta-analyses of double-blind placebo-controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of diet interventions on the behavior of children with ADHD. PloS one, 12(1), e0169277.

Considering the small average ESs PUFA supplementation is unlikely to provide a tangible
contribution to ADHD treatment

Abreviations
-artificial food color
elimination (AFC)
-few-foods diet
(FFD)
supplement studies investigating the effects of vitamins, minerals and polyunsaturated
fatty acids (PUFA)

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