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Fetal Period - 9th week to birth - Coggle Diagram
Fetal Period - 9th week to birth
Developmental milestones
Week
9-12
big head, small body
limbs reach relative lengths
intestinal coils are visible
urine formation begins
genitalia can be recognized
13-16
coordinated limb movements
ossification of the fetal skeleton
eyes face anteriology and ars are close to their definitive positions on sides of head
ovaries differentiate and contain primordial ovarian follicles that contain oogonia
17-20
eyebrows and head hair are visible at 20 weeks
skin is covered with vernix caseosa
brown fat forms
21-25
rapid eye movements begin
tpye II pneumocytes secret surfactant
26-29
eyelids open at 26 weeks
quantity of white fat increases
CNS has matured
bone marrow now major site of erythropoesis
30-34
pupillary reflex can be elicited
white fat increases
34 weeks GA is generally equal to term survival
35-38
firm grasp
white fat increases
male testes have descended
42+
increased mortality risk
Age
gestational - age calculated from the onset of first day of last menstrual period
embryonic - age calculated from estimated day of fertilization of the oocyte
Date of confinement
commonly called the "due date"
can be estimated with sonogram performed at
first trimester -w/in one week
second trimester - w/in two week
third trimester - w/in three week
Fetal growth
Size of baby doesnt tell you gestational age
can have intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
Assessing fetal status
First trimester
look for risk of trisomy 21 and 18
sonogram
maternal serum tests
PAPP-A
HCG
Second trimster
anatomy sonogram
Special procedures
fetoscopy
percutaneous umbilical blood sampling
magnetic resonance imaging
fetal monitoring