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Meningitis - Coggle Diagram
Meningitis
Differential diagnosis?
Fungal meningitis - such as cryptococcus, rare affecting immunocompromised
Tuberculosis meningitis
Herpes Simplex virus
Drug induced meningitis
Enteroviruses - coxsackie virus, echovirus
Sepsis
Pneumonia
Encephalitis
Malignancy
HIV
Sub arachnoid haemorrhage
Symptoms
Common symptoms
Fever, nausea and vomiting, lethargy, irritability, looks ill, refusing diet and fluid, headache, muscle/joint pain, respiratory symptoms
Less Common symptoms
Chills, shivering, diarrhoea, abdo pain/distension, ENT symptoms.
More specific symptoms
Non blanching rash, neck stiffness, photophobia, cap refill <2secs, unusual colour, shock, hypotension, leg pain, back rigidity, bulging fontanelle, Kernigs sign, Kudzinski's sign, pareisis, seizures, unconcious/moribund, CNS symptoms.
Meningococcal septicaemia
Emergency 999
IV/IM benzylpenicillin if NKDA
Suspected bacterial meningitis without rash
Antibiotics if urgent transfer not possible
Emergency 999
Close contacts
Identify, and provide prophylaxis within 24 hrs