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Chemistry Notes 1st September - Coggle Diagram
Chemistry Notes 1st September
Classification of Matter
Matter
Pure Substance
Elements
Compounds
Impure Substance
Mixture
Homogenous
Solution
Hetrogenous
Suspension
Collodial
Types of Mixtures
Solutions: Smallest Particle size, do not scatter light
Colloids: Medium Particle size, somewhat scatter light
Suspensions: Largest Particle size, is Opaque
Solutions
Solutions are homogeneous mixtures formed when a substance (the solute) dissolves in another substance (the solvent).
Components of a Solution: Solute – the substance which is dissolved, usually present in a smaller quantity.
Solvent – the substance in which the solute is dissolved, usually present in a larger quantity.
Solutions can be in any state of matter, but the most commonly studied solutions are liquid solutions.
Water is the most prominent solvent, and also referred to as a universal solvent because of its ability to dissolve a variety of solutes
If two or more liquids mix completely, they are referred to as miscible liquids. Examples – ethanol and water, acetic acid and water (vinegar)
Example of Solutions include Copper sulphate solution, Air, and Sugar Solution
Colloids
Colloids are heterogeneous mixtures in which one component is dispersed in another component.
The particles of one component (dispersed phase) are finely dispersed in the other component (dispersion medium), and it is not easy to see them as distinct phases.
However, the particles in a colloid are larger than those in a solution. This is a key point of difference between colloids and solutions.
There are several types of colloids, but the focus shall remain on colloids formed by mixing two or more liquids. Such colloids are known as emulsions.
Suspensions
Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures in which the solid particles are large enough to settle out of the mixture upon standing.
Examples of Colloids
Milk
Butter
Whipped cream
Mayonnaise
Marshmallows
Fog
Smoke
Paints
Blood