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What does exercise mean to different people? :person_with_ball: - Coggle…
What does exercise mean to different people?
:person_with_ball:
Meanings of exercise
Exercise as a form of physical activity
Exercise: planned, structures and repetitive bodily movement performed to improve or maintain one or more components of physical fitness (subset of physical activity)
Physical activity
Definition: any movement that results in energy expenditure
Types of physical activity
Play: for enjoyment and recreation
Games: amusement, competitive activity according to rules
Sports: physical exertion and skill in competition for entertainment
Transportation (active): walking, cycling
Chores: routine tasks
Exercise: physical effort to sustain or improve health and fitness
Recreational activities: leisure, discretionary time
Intensity
Light
Person can sing
3-4x energy than rest
Example: rec swimming
Moderate
Normal conversation can be held
Example: cycling
5-6x energy than rest
Vigorous
Insufficient breath to carry conversation
7x (or more) energy than rest
Example: running
MHR: max heart rate - 220-age
THR: target heart rate - predetermined pulse rate to be obtained during exercise and is expressed as a % of MHR
FITT principle
F: frequency - how many times?
I: intensity - force of exertion?
T: time - how long?
T: type - what exercise?
Exercise and its relationship to fitness
Components of fitness
Skill related (6)
Reaction time
Speed
Power
Coordination
Balance
Agility
Health related (5)
Muscular endurance
Body composition
Cardiovascular endurance
Flexibility
Muscular strength
Fitness
WHO definition: the ability to carry out daily tasks with vigour/alertness without excessive fatigue
Fitness is dynamic and each individual is different
Getchell, 1979 definition: the capacity of the heart, blood vessels, lungs and muscles to function at optimal efficiency
The value that people put on exercise and fitness
Changing attitudes to fitness
Why does attitude vary?
Age - physical ability and value of exercise, e.g. elderly = more sedentary
Gender - males are more active than females
Peers - affects values and behaviours, peer pressure
Family - encourage or discourage exercise, affects values and behaviours
Culture - inadequate social support, e.g. women from non-english speaking backgrounds (NESB) are more likely to be sedentary
Socioeconomic status - lack of knowledge and resources, e.g. lower level of education = sedentary
Media - raising awareness of benefits and availability
Past experience - positive = lifelong involvement, negative = discouraged
Universal change
Research - importance of physical activity
Social media - body image, value of fitness
Fitness as a commodity
Commodity: a product that exists to generate profit
Fitness boom in the 1970s and 1980s
Individual, community, gov, business sectors become aware of need to participate in activities to improve health
Companies: fitness could be a profit-making commodity
Establishment of fitness centers
Renewed interest in physical activities
Commodification: the process of turning something into a commodity that can be bought and sold
Fitness centers
Range of activities designed to meet every exercise and fitness need
Promote a range of services
Fully trained personnel
Wide range of exercise equipment based on the latest technology
Advertising using societies perception of the 'perfect body'
Other appealing qualities: special deals, extended hours, child minding facilities
Target audience - e.g. women-only gyms = encourage women to exercise