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Week 4 - Coggle Diagram
Week 4
Definitions and concepts
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Test units: indiciduals, organizations, or other entities whose response to the independent variables or treatments is being examined.
Dependent variable (DV, or Y) Effect or outcome variables. Measures the effect of the independent variables of the test units.
Extraneous variables: Are all variables other than the independent variables that affect the response of the test units.
Therefore causal research is basically the process of manipulating the independent variable and measuring its effect on the dependent variable, while controlling for the effect of everything else
What is causality
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Lots of confusion around causality. Establishing causality is complicated and the scientific meaning is different from the ordinary meaning.
Scientific meaning: X is only one of the possible causes for y. The occurence of x makes the occurence of y more probably. We can never prove that X is a cause of Y. At best we can infer tht X is a cause of Y.
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