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Applied Linguistics to the Learning and Teaching of a Second Language,…

- - - - Language teaching were top priority and was highly developed in America
  - - - The threshold level and the common European framework of reference for languages
      - The language industries intensification
      - Academic and institutional progressive recognition
      - The research development in the fields of teaching and learning a second language
- - - - Sponsored by the Council of Europe in the 70s, it set a new course in the teaching of a SL, it's maintained up to this day
    - - It set a before and after in the Second Language Teaching, stablishing the six linguistic competences (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2)
- - - - Psycholinguistic (SL Learning)
      - Pedagogical (SL Teaching)
      - Social (The role of a SL in a multilingual and intercultural society)
    - - Some of which are the following
        
        Individual Variables with special attention to the multiple intelligences theory, affective factors and cognitive processes (Fonseca-Mora and Gant, 2016)
        
        Positive psychology for language learning (MacIntyr et al. 2016)
        
        Motivation incidence (Dornyei et al. 2014)
        
        Learning strategies for the Autonomy development (Cohen and Macaro, 2007)
      - Lexical development's new perspectives
        
        Grammatical Cognition (Llopis et al. 2012)
        
        Traditional writing skills transformed by online reading and writing (Machón 2012; Cassany 2012)
      - Homework and project focused methodology
      - Collaborative learning
      - Lexical approach
      - Effects of the pedagogical translation
      - Gamification
      - Flipped Classroom
      - Service Learning
        
        Consisting on the relation of learning a SL to a practical activity which involves the academic study with the community itself and that the student does a service in said community.
    - - A new research branch, it focus not on a aisled SL, but how that knowledge influences his mother tongue and the rest of the previously known languages
        
        The current plurilinguism concept is a derivation of the multicompetent linguistical reality that most of the language students has
    - - Related to the Migratory Linguistics
        
        Highly studies in both English and French as a SL
        
        One of its branches, aside from the sociolinguistical ones is
        
        How immigrants learn a SL
    - - This research is currently focus on two variables
        
        Specialty Discourse (Natives)
        
        From a Pragmalinguistical perspective
        
        Specialty Discourse (Non-Natives)
        
        Which generated a whole sub specialization in the SL Teaching
        
        In the fields of
        
        Legal
        
        Health Sciences
        
        Business
        
        Tourism
        
        Economy
        
        Sciences
    - - Derived from the high volume of students who do a portion their studies in a foreign university
    - - Teaching a SL through certain contents given in the SL itself, using a special methodology
        
        The higher the exposure, the more motivation and better learning.
    - - The best way to access real world data for research is through a Corpus
        
        The construction of more distinct corpus is required, to be able to properly analyze and to use it as a didactic tool
        
        The needed corpus could be lengthier, more transversals, with different language skills, different mother languages, diverse learning contexts, etc.
        
        Some of the uses of a corpus linguistic can be
        
        It helps to prevent or discover false friends
        
        Study of lexical collocations
        
        Lexical study
        
        Mistakes analysis
        
        Didactic lexicography
    - - Due to the rapid development of new technologies, the SL Learning field is quickly transforming as well
        
        This is shown in the new concept of linguistical immersion, due to not having the need of geographical mobilization, as well as the new role that both teacher and student has, which encourages a more autonomous learning
    - - Due to the rise in the SL Evaluation, a lot of specialized Magazines and Associations have been created
        
        Such as
        
        Language Testing Magazine
        
        ILTA, International Language Testing Association
- - - - Done by doing "Language Stays"