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reported speech image - Coggle Diagram
reported speech
Shiftback of tenses
Past
worked -> had worked
Present
work -> worked
is studying -> was studying
have learnt -> had learnt
have been learning -> had been learning
Future
will -> would
other expressions
this -> that
these -> those
here -> there
now -> then
ago -> before
today -> that day
yesterday -> the day before
this morning -> that morning
tomorrow -> the next day
last week -> the week before
model verbs
can -> could
may -> might
must -> had to
should -> should
questions
WH question
'
Where
are you going' -> He asked me
where
I was going.
'
What
is your name?' -> My teacher asked me
what
my name was.
'
When
did he go?' -> She asked me
when
he had gone.
'Yes/No' question
'Do you miss me?' -> My mom asked
if/whether
I missed her.
Reported commands & requests
S + told/asked/ordered/offered + O + (not) to V(inf)
'Be quiet,' the teacher said. -> The teacher told me
to
be quiet.
'Don't make noise,' Mum said. -> Mum told me
not to
make noise.
Sara: ''Can I help you?' -> Sara offered
to
help me.
Other reporting verbs
suggest
advise
warn
complain
inform
declare
remind
admit
