Candidiasis

Definition

Fungul infection caused by yeast called candida

Symptoms

Thrush – The mouth lining, tongue, or angles of the mouth are red, cracked, or have white patches.

Skin – Small-to-large patches of red, moist, raw skin usually develop in body creases, such as under the breasts, belly, or groin area

Vaginitis – Vaginal itch, pain, or burning are frequent and may be accompanied by a cottage-cheese-like discharge

Esophagitis – Swallowing may be painful, and there may be pain behind the breastbone.

Pathophysiology

Under normal conditions, there is homeostasis between candida albicans and the host

however, if the balance is disrupted by low pH, regular use of antacids or hyperglycemia

the yeast can break through the intestinal mucosal barrier and cause invasive candidiasis and candidemi

Causes

Genus candida

Candida albicand

Diagnostic tests

Obtain past medical history

Take blood samples

Physical examination

Obtain sample from the infected area

Nursing interventions

Provide appropriate supportive care for patient’s with systemic infections.

Carefully monitor intake and output and potassium levels while the patient is receiving medications.

If you note a vaginal discharge, document the color and amount.

Suggest a soft diet for the patient with severe dysphagia.

Give antifunguls as prescribed

Treatment

Clotrimazole

Fluconazole

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References

Freedberg, Irwin M., ed. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 6th ed, pp. 2006. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003.