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Organisms and Populations - Coggle Diagram
Organisms and Populations
Environments
Deserts
Tundras
Grassland
Forest
Tropical
Temperate
Coniferous
Abiotic factors
Temperature
Most important
Affects enzyme efficiency and metabolism
Eurythermal animals
Tolerate a wide range of temperature
Humans
Red algae
Stenothermal animals
Tolerate narrow temp range
Corals
Fish
Global warming
Water
For aquatic animals pH is important
Salt concentration
<5 in inland water
30 - 35 in the sea
Is >100 in hypersaline lagoons
Euryhaline
Tolerate wide range of salinity
Migratory/estuarine/brackish fish
Salmon
Hilsa
Petromyzon
Anguilla
Stenohaline
Low range of salinity tolerance
Sharks
Freshwater fish
Catla
Labeo
Light
Photoperiod
Important for foraging, reproductive and migratory cues
Psiophytes
Plants live under the tress and are optimised to photosynthesis in low light conditions.
In the ocean, at >500 m light is not available
UV rays are source of energy
UV-A rays
320-380 nm
Production of vitamin D in skin
UV-B rays
280-320 nm
Skin cancer
UV-C rays
100-280 nm
Lethal
Blue and violet light can penetrate deep water, this is why the deepest algae, red algae, rhodophyceae is red in color (absorbs blue and violet)
Algae
Red
Bottom of sea
Brown
Middle of sea
Green
Surface of sea
Soil
Decides what type of flora can be supported
Indirectly decides what type of fauna can be supported
Responses to abiotic factors
Regulation
Regulate body temperature
pH
Osmotic concentration (if aquatic)
Freshwater animals
All birds, mammals
Very few lower vertebrates and invertebrates
Conformation
99% of animals
Some regulate for small ranges after which they conform
Partial regulator
Camel
Marine fish, invertebrates etc.
Migration
Moves away temporarily from habitat
Birds
Keolado National Park (Bharatpur, Rajasthan) hosts Siberian birds every winter
Suspension
Suspend life processes
Bacteria
Fungi
Hibernation
Bears and other mammals
Aestivation
Snails & fish
Diapause
Zooplankton
Adaptations
Terrestrial adaptations
Kangaroo rat
Internal fat oxidation serves as water supply for some months
Highly concentrated urine
Pressure
Population attributes
Natality
Number of births in a population unit area in unit time
Mortality
Number of deaths in a population in a unit area in unit time
Sex ratio
Number of males: females