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Periodic Trends - Coggle Diagram
Periodic Trends
Ionization Energy (IE)
Definition: The amount of energy required to remove the outermost electron on the valence shell out of the atom/ion in the gaseous state.
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Effective nuclear charge
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Zeff = (# protons of element) - (# shielding electrons before the outermost valance shell's electrons)
Across a period, effective nuclear charge increases as electron shielding remain constant (increases from left to right).
Going down a group, distance and shielding increase, therefore effective nuclear charge decreases (increases from bottom to top).
Electron affinity
Energy that is absorbed or released when a single electron is added to a neutral atom in the gaseous state
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Atomic Radius
The atomic radius of an atom is the measure of the distance from the center of the nucleus to the outer electron shell
The atomic radius of an atom increases when the number of electrons in the outer shell of an atom increases
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