who's embryo is it
Surrogacy
In vitro fertilization
DNA testing
Happens through
DNA amplification
DNA profiling
DNA extraction
Could be done through
Antenatal tests
Post-natal tests
Include
Include
Non-invasive testing
Invasive testing
Tissue sampling
Ethical, Legal & Social Issues of IVF
Legal issues
Includes
Chorionic villi sampling
Amniocentesis
Social issues
Ethical issues
started
since 1930
when
are about
Single women.
the results of first animal IVF were published.
Egg storing and freezing.
Same sex couples.
Commercialization of IVF.
Pre-implantatory genetic diagnosis.
Dead human's gametes.
are about
Illegal and prohibited in some countries.
"owning" stored gametes and embryos.
In case of divorce?
Stop paying the storage fees.
are about
Age limits.
Gamete sharing and donation.
Religiously prohibited.
Gender selection.
Three-parent IVF.
Through
PCR
Through
Electrophresis
reasons
procedures
Fallopian tube damage
Ovulation disorders
Utrine fibrosis
Follicle Aspiration
Sperm retrieval
Fertillization
Ovulation Induction
Embryo transfer
Oocyte maturation
Prevent premature ovulation
Ovarian stimulation
Prepare the lining of uterus
FSH
LH
HCG
female reproductive system anatomy
external
internal
fallopian tube
uterus
uterine layers
vagina
ampulla
infundibulum
isthmus
fimbrae
myometrium
endometrium
perineum
clitoris
vulva vestibule
prepuce
Skene's glands
labia minora
Bartholin's glands
labia majora
urethral orifice
Mons pubis
vaginal orifice
anterior comissure
posterior comissure
fourchette
ovaries
Reasons we use surrogates
Types of surrogacy
Genetic surrogacy
Gestational surrogacy
The surrogate doesn't have any genetic ties to the child
The surrogate is the baby's biological mother
Bioethics of surrogacy
Risks
Miscarriage
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Maternal age
Bleeding or infection
Ectopic pregnancy
Physiology
types of twins
monozygotic twins
dizygotic twins
Result of fertility
one egg one sperm
share same chromosoms
identical twins
Result of fertility
two eggs,two sperms
has separated
chorions
amnions
placenta
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fertilization
what is it?
Implantation
Window of Implantation
Under circumstances of
3 Stages
2- Adhesion
3- Invasion
1-Apposition
Mediators of Implantation
Estrogen
Progestrone
L-selectin
MUC-1
Chemokines
Adhesion molecules
Recurrent Implantation failure
fails because of
Mutifactorial RIF
Endometrial RIF
Idiopathic RIF
Types
Male factors
Metabolic factors
Maternal anatomic factor
Thin endometrium
Unexplained failure
Very loose connection between the blastocyst and the endometrium
The trophoblast adhere by penetrating the endometrium with protrusion of trophoblast cells
Trophoblast differentiate into
Cytotrophoblast
Syncytiotrophoblast
Invading into the uterine storma
phases
gametogenisis
spermatogenesis
the action when
3-gametes cells fusion
1-penetrating corona radiata
oogenesis
in seminiferous tube
starts in puberty, continuously throw-out life
sperm production
each prosses comes up with four haploid sperm
oocyte production
in the ovary
stages
starts before birth
ova's stored in the ovaries in childhood
limited no. of ova's
ovarian cycle begins in puberty
happens once a month
affected by age
ovulation
Acrosome reaction
2-penetrating zona pellucida
Cortical granule reaction
after fusion
zygote
morula
blastocyst cavity
infertility
inability to achieve pregnancy
types
Primary infertility
Secondary infertility
Recurrent pregnancy loss
never achieved pregnancy
previously achieved at least one pregnancy
Etiology
it is the
Uterine causes
Cervical causes
Tubal/pelvic causes
Psychiatric causes
Ovary-related causes
Thyroid disorders
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Hyperprolactinemia
Endometriosis
Fallopian tube adhesions
PID
Uterine leiomyoma
Asherman syndrome
Trauma
Immune factors
DES exposure in utero
Vaginismus
Sexual arousal disorder
management
In vitro fertilization
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Intrauterine insemination
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Medical problems with the uterus
complete absense of the uterus
Mullerian agenesis
Fibriods
Other factors
Unwilling to carry a baby
Having genetic ties with the Child
hereditary illness that she does not want to pass on to her children.
Pregnancy is too Risky
Eismengers syndrome
of
of
result
include
female and male gametes
fused togethe
human reproduction
the
get
include
include