STATE, LABOUR, FIRM

FIRM

What is a firm?

Why do firms exist?

Firms and decision making

LABOUR

Labour is one of the agents of economic change.

It is a collection of individuals who are organizated in a hierarchy to pursue for-profit activities.

STATE

Classified by tyoes of ownership:


*State-owned


*Private enterprises

Regional economic integration.

Labour has been conceptualized as a key factor of production, a socio-economic class, as an important agent of social movements and a source of innovation and technological change,

3 Different perspectives of how states relate to or influence capitalist development.

Small firms are considered important to the health of the economy as they inject competition into the market

The role of states is confined to the provisions of public goods and the strategic intervention in capitalist processes in order to correct or prevent market failures.

Large firms, particulary can contribute significantly to the rise and fall of cities and regions

Division of jobs by skills.

Coase (1937)
Firms reduces "transaction costs" or costs in using the price systems of the market

Industrialized and scientific based jobs for those whose knowledge is broader, better payment

Unskilled and undemanded jobs for those who earn lees money, less value of their work

For geographers, capitalism is seen as a historically contingent and politivally contested form socioeconomic organization.

Firms are an alternative means of coordinating production to market based transactions

Firms are assumed to perate bt the principle of maximizing revenues and minimizing costs

Four varieties of capitilism describes the states. (Welfare states, Development states, socialist states, neoliberalism states).

Firms are always in search of achieving greater profitability

Liberal-pluralist. marxist, neo-weberian.

The agreements typically link geographically proximate countries to another one with varying levels of economic integration and political coordination.

Firms are strategic entities.

In economy geography firms are increasingly viewed as socio.cultural entities that produce certain social regulations

State regulate working enviroment

Free trade, areas (T-MEC), customs unions (Andean Common market), Common markets (caribbean community), Economic Union (Europena Union)

Non gender, minimal wage, walfare and workfare, insurance, safety, overtime payment

A states play central roles in structuring economic and industrial development.

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