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Unit 2 AOS 1 - Coggle Diagram
Unit 2 AOS 1
sentencing offenders
factors considered in sentencing
Aggravating factors Mitigating factors
Guilty pleas
Victim impact statements
Alternative approaches to sentencing
Diversion programs
Koori Court
Drug Court
Aspects of sentencing in Victoria and Texas
similar
Categorising offences
Determinate sentencing
Mitigating and aggravating factors
Specialised courts as alternative sentencing options
different
Capital punishment
Incarceration rates
incarceration trends
types of sanctions
Fines
Imprisonment
Community correction orders
purposes of sanctions
Just punishment
Protection of society
Rehabilitation
Deterrence
Denunciation
criminal cases in courts
criminal jurisdictions of Victorian courts
overview of criminal jurisdictions of courts
A hierarchy is a system in which courts are ranked according to their relative status or authority. The court hierarchy ranks each court according to which types of cases it has the authority to determine, which is known as the court’s jurisdiction.
role of criminal jurisdictions
In evaluating the role of the Victorian court hierarchy and the different criminal jurisdictions in Victoria, it is necessary to consider what it would be like to have one large, all-encompassing court.
Role of the Jury
When a jury is used in criminal matters
A jury is used to deliver a verdict in criminal trials that take place in the original jurisdiction of both: • The County Court • The Supreme Court
Composition of a criminal jury
A criminal jury will usually consist of twelve members. In cases where the trial is expected to be particularly long, up to fifteen jurors may be empanelled. However, if this is the case, additional jurors will be excused before the deliberations. Thus, the verdict will be decided by a jury
of twelve.
The role of the jury in a criminal trial
The main responsibility of the jury is to determine whether the accused is guilty of the charge against them (this is referred to as the ‘verdict’ given by the jury).
criminal investigations
Institutions enforcing criminal law
Role of police
‘For many, the police represent an essential law enforcement entity that makes public safety and security the highest of its priorities.’
role of delegated bodies
Delegated bodies are specialised government agencies who, due to their expertise in a particular area, have been given the authority from parliament to make and enforce laws within their area.
Institutional powers v individuals rights
Institutional powers
The main institutions in the criminal justice system are the police and the courts. Police have a number of investigative powers to allow for the administration of justice. The courts determine which accused persons are guilty of a crime and will impose a sanction if the accused is found guilty.
individuals rights
Individuals have a number of rights aimed at balancing and protecting against the institutional powers provided above. If individuals were not provided with specific rights, the institutions that enforce the criminal law could hold too much power, which may lead to unjust outcomes and corruption within the criminal justice system.