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Physics Unit 4 - Coggle Diagram
Physics Unit 4
Standard Model
Quarks
Anti-top, anti-bottom, anti-strange, anti-charm, anti-up, anti-down
Top, bottom, strange, charm, up, down
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Leptons
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neutrino, muon, Tau lepton, electron, electron neutrino, tau neutrino
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Feynman diagram
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Space on y-axis, time on x-axis
Symmetry
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Charge-reversal
If all negative charges are swapped with positive charges, a particle interaction should still happen equivalently
time-reversal
The particle interaction that occur can happen in reverse, think l'chatiliers principle from physics
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Quantum Theory
black-body radiation
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if you treated light as a wave then a large amount of UV should've been emitted, instead it didn't
the graphs instead had a peak rather than a antompe graph which could only be explained by considering light to be a packet of energy (as a particle)
Double-slt experiment
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shows the interference pattern as through the slits ehy formed an intereference of dark and light bands
only waves can interfere constructively and destructively, onlywaves can do this therefore light is a wave
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photoelectric effect
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this shows light as a particle as a waves energy is in the intensity , not the frequency, so the frequency of light should not matter
this shows light as a packet of energy, all given to the electron at once, thus if it is enough to overcome the work-function the electron escapes
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models of the atom
Rutherford's model of the atom: Atoms are empty space with a dense positively charged nucleus in the center and negatively charged electrons that orbit it
limitations of Rutherford model: couldn't explain how electrons are accelerating electric charges that produce EM radiation and lose energy so they are thought to spiral into the nucleus. Could not explain why different atoms have different colours on the spectrum
hydrogen spectrum
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These observed spectral lines are due to the electron making transitions between two energy levels in an atom
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