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Physics Notes 17th August - Coggle Diagram
Physics Notes 17th August
Measurement
The word “measurement” is derived from the Greek word "metron," which means a limited proportion.
Informal Measurement
Measurement systems are a collection of units of measurement and rules relating them to each other. In the old days, we used body parts for informal measurement systems like foot length, cubit, handspan, etc. which were not so accurate and vary from person to person.
The Metric System
A metric system is a system of measurement based on the meter for length, kilogram for mass, and liter for volume. It was introduced in France in the 1790s and is now being used officially by many countries around the world.
The metric system is based on the international decimal system. The base units used in the metric system are used to derive higher and lower units of measurement.
Units of the Metric system
The Metric system has 3 main units namely,
meter
to measure the length,
kilogram
to measure the mass, and
seconds
to measure time.
Conversion for liter, meter, and gram
Unit
Deca: 10 rays to 1
Hecto: 10 rays to 2
kilo: 10 rays to 3
Deci: 10 rays to -1
Centi: 10 rays to -2
Milli: 10 rays to -3
Micro: 10 rays to -6
Mega: 10 rays to 6
Nano: 10 rays to minus -9
Giga: 10 rays to 9
Volume: Volume is the space enclosed or occupied by any three-dimensional object or solid shape. It has length, width, and height. It is measured in cubic units like cm3, m3, etc
Speed: Speed is the change in position of the object with respect to time. It is the ratio of distance traveled by the object to the time taken to travel that distance. SI unit of speed is m/s. It is also expressed in km/hr or miles/hr.
Acceleration: Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time. It is a vector quantity. It has magnitude and direction. It is measured in meters per second2 (m\s2 )
Force: Force is a push or a pull. When two objects interact with each other, the object changes its position based on the force acting on it. You apply force to move an object from its place and you also apply force to stop a moving object. SI unit of force is Newton named after the scientist.
Temperature: Temperature is the measure of how hot or cold substances are. We use a thermometer to measure the temperature. The temperature is measured in degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F). 0 degrees celsius is equal to 32 degrees Fahrenheit.