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Physiology of amenorrhoea - Coggle Diagram
Physiology of amenorrhoea
Definition
Amenorrhoea is the absence of menstrual period in a woman of reproductive age.
Types
Primary
Secondary
Pathophysiology
And prepare the uterine lying for embryo for implantation in readiness for implantation.
Failure of the released egg from ovary to fertilize and form an embryo causes drop in the level of hormones of pregnancy that maintain the endometrium.
Menstrual cycle is an orderly progress of coordinated hormonal events that stimulates growth of a follicle to release an egg,
Subsequently, the decidua of the endometrium sloughs off as menstrual flow in preparation for another cycle.
Causes of primary amenorrhoea
Abnormal chromosomal pattern example; turner's syndrome
Outflow tract abnormality e.g, absence of the uterus
Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, e.g, primary ovarian failure
Metabolic disorder e.g, obesity and juvenile diabetes
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, e.g. Delayed puberty
Causes of secondary amenorrhoea
Ovarian, e.g, premature ovarian failure, and ovarian syndrome.
Drugs, e.g, psychotropic drugs.
Uterine, e.g, surgical ablation, and radiation.
Systemic illness, e.g, malnutrition
Vaginal, example: labia agglutination.
Physiology
The low level of estrogen during this period is insufficient to cause uterine endometrium bleeding.
The duration of amenorrhoea in breastfeeding women is highly variable.
Before puberty the pituitary gonadotropins are not adequate enough to stimulate the ovary for effective production of estrogen.
Even among similar groups with comparable breastfeeding practices.
Before puberty, during pregnancy, during lactation, and after menopause.
The observed differences is due to the natural variation in sensitivity of the breast- hypothalamus-pituitary system to sucking in individual women and the quality of the sucking stimulus.
The occurrence of amenorrhoea is said to be normal in four states,