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Physiology of menstrual cycle - Coggle Diagram
Physiology of menstrual cycle
Physiology
Estrogen play a major role in breast development.
Progesterone is the most important hormone for conditioning the endometrium in preparation for implantation of a fertilized ovum.
Progesterone plays a major role in regulating the changes that occur during the menstrual cycle.
In addition, estrogen together with progesterone, prepares the breast for producing and secreting milk.
Progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum or the ovarian follicle.
Androgens are hormones produced by the ovaries and adrenal glands in small amounts.
These hormones are responsible for follicle development, libido, and hair growth.
FSH and LH are the two gonadotropic hormones released by the pituitary gland.
Estrogen is responsible for developing and maintaining the female reproductive organs.
The secretion of ovarian hormones follows a cyclic pattern that results in changes in the uterine endometrium and in menstruation.
Ovarian follicle produce several different estrogens.
The ovaries produce steroid hormones which are estrogen and progesterone.
Definition
The menstrual cycle is a complex process involving the reproduction and endocrine systems.
Stages of the mestrual cycle
Day 1-5
Stage 1: mestrual stage ( dismantling stage)
Endometrium slaughs away as mestrual flow begins
Progesterone and estrogen are no longer secreted
New follicle starts to mature
Day 6 to 14
Follicle grows, and eggs mature.
Endometrium returns to normal state and then begins to thicken in response to estrogen.
Stage 2: Growth and repair (estrogen or proliferative stage.
Stage 3
Ovulation occurs 14 days before menses, regardless of length of menstruation cycle.
It takes place when follicle ruptures and releases egg.
If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, estrogen and progesterone decline, and the thickened tissue on the endometrium of the uterus is sloughed off and is discharged via the vagina as a menstrual period.
Day 15-28
Corpus luteum secretes progesterone.
Endometrium continues to thicken in response to estrogen and progesterone.
Stage 4: Secretory stage (Postovulatory or Progesterone stage)
Uterus prepares to receive fertilized ovum.