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How successful was the League in the 1930s? - Coggle Diagram
How successful was the League in the 1930s?
the Disarmament Conference
Only the defeated countries had to disarm so the League arranged a confernece in Geneva 1932-1934.
Countries were scared to disarm and didn't trust each other.
France was willing to disarm with guarantees by Britain and France but they didn't give them
Germany didn't think they France was serious and withdrew from the conference and later on from the League
in 1935 Hilter announced his violation of the disarment clauses in the Treaty of Versailles and rearmed
Italy and Japan then rearmed too
Japanese aggresion in Manchuria 1931
wth the depression Japan needed more land, food and raw materials
Manchuria had minerals, farmland, and forestry
in 1931 Japan invaded Manchuria claiming a railway had been blown up at Mukden on 18th September
the League set up a Commission of Inquiry under the Earl of Lytton to investigate this, and in October said that Japan hadn't acted in self-defence and that Manchuria should remain an independent part of the Chinease state
the Japanese ignored the report and left the League in 1933
Japan set a puppet government in Manchura with the last emperor of China
the Abyssinian Crisis, 1935-1936
Italy was suffering from the depression and Mussolini was becoming very unpopular, he decided to begin an aggressive foreign policy
on 3 October in 1935 Italy invaded Abyssinia, the Abyssinians first retreated
in 1936 Italy started using poison gas and air force which made the Abyssinian collapse
in May 1936 the capital Addis Ababa was occupied by Italy and the Emperor Haile Selassie went to Britain to give a speech to the Assembly but it had no effect
sanctions were imposed to Italy including arms embargo, banning Italy imports and all financial dealings, but no oil was included
sanctions were abandoned in July and Italy withdrew from the League in December 1937
Britain and France tried to make a secret deal with Mussolini, the Hoare-Laval Pact in which Italy would receive part of Abyssinia if it stoped the war but the press found out and Hoare forced to resign
Effects on the League
with many Great Powers being able to disobey the League it made people think the League was weak, doubt it's effectiveness, and find it very unreliable
The Great Powers
Britain and France wanted to have a good relationship with Italy since it reduced the threat of Germany who had now defied the League and started to rearm. It was also in their interest that Italy didn't leave the League.