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Motion, Acceleration and Newton´s Laws
2.2 Speed and Velocity
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Velocity gives the rate of motion and its direction, whereas speed gives only the rate of motion.
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3.1 Acceleration
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Acceleration occurs when there is a change in speed, a change in direction, or a change in both.
Average acceleration = change in velocity / change in time aav =∆v / ∆t = vf - vi / ∆t
SI units: (m/s2)
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The velocity-time graph of an object with constant acceleration is a straight line with a slope equal to the acceleration.
Speed increases when velocity and acceleration have the same sign. Speed decreases when v and a have opposite signs.
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2.3 Position-Time Graphs
Plotting the position data on the y axis and the time data on the x axis creates a position-time graph of the motion.
The slope of a straight line on a position-time graph equals the average velocity of the motion during that time period.
Slope = rise / run
Slopes represent different types of motion: positive, negative or zero.
2.1 Describing Motion
A frame of reference specify how the object´s position changes over time.
Frame of reference = Coordinate system.
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Distance is the total length traveled, and displacement is the net change in position.
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