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Electrolyte and fluid losses in diarrhoeal illness(pt.2) - Coggle Diagram
Electrolyte and fluid losses
in diarrhoeal illness(pt.2)
Secondary lactase deficiency
Damage reason
:Coeliac disease, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, post gastric surgery, malnutrition etc.
Symptoms
: Watery diarrhea, bloating, flatulence, abdo pain ,cramps
Damaged brush border
>atrophy of villi>less lactase in the brush border>thus lactose can't be digested>cause the osmotic diarrhea
Losses
:fluids , electrolytes
cause osmotic diarrhea
Malabsorption
due to rapid gut transit(treatment=heal mucosal line)
Lactose malabsorption
Lactase Deficiency
: Lactose remains in intestines>moves into colon>fermented by bacteria>short chain FA & CO2 form>↑ osmotic particles>H20 drawn into lumen via osmotic gradient>DIARRHEA occurs
Normal
:In the intestinal lumen=disaccharide digested by lactase to glucose and galactose >absorbed into enterocytes
Dehydration
3 Types
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic dehydration
Poor circulation of blood, heat stroke, failing
renal function
Loss of 20% body water (dehydration) may cause
coma and death
Base-deficit acidosis
(slide 11)
K+ Depletion
Signs
:generalised muscle weakness,cardiac arrhythmia ,Paralytic ileus
Acidosis
> ↓ K>masked as K+ moves from ICF>ECF in exchange for H+
Large fecal loss esp. in infants<dangerous in malnourished