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What was the impact of the peace treaties on Germany up to 1923? - Coggle…
What was the impact of the peace treaties on Germany up to 1923?
What did German's dislike from the treaty?
it was a diktat, there was no negotiation and they had no choice but to sign it, or otherwise, the naval blockade would have continued
they hated being hold responsible for the war with article 231 as they felt humiliated and took it as a moral criticism for the whole nation
they didn't have the money for reparations, and couldn't make any if their resources were taken away
lost all their colonies, 13% of their land, 26% of their coal deposits and 75% of their iron ore
an army of only 100,000 soldiers meant Germany couldn't defend itself against it's stronger neighbours, France and Poland
Impact on politics
there were many attempts to overthrow or undermine the democratic government
the Munich Putsch in November 1923 where Hitler lead a revolution in which he attempted to take over Munich
Kapp Putsch in March 1920 in which Freikorps under the command of Wolfgang Kapp attempted to take over Berlin
Sparcists rebelled in Berlin, led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht in January 1919
hundreds of murders of politicians and political activists
Walter Rathenau, the Foreign Minister, was killed by Organisation Consul, June 1922
Matthias Erzberger, the Finance Minister, was killed by Organisation Consul in August 1921
Germans believed that they had not been defeated but betrayed, they called it dolchstoss which meant stabbed in the back, by politicians who signed the armistice, known as November Criminals, and the treaty of Versailles
Political violence
the treaty made it difficult to deal with political violence since they didn't have armed forces
the treaty created violence because nationalists hated the government since they had signed the treaty
Impact on economics
there was a growing budget deficit since the government expenditure was high but tax income low, it was resolved borrowing and printing money which caused an inflation
Germans kept paying workers in the Ruhr which had gone on strike and this caused a hyperinflation
The effects of 1923
the Germans through their non-violent opposition in the Ruhr and the hyperinflation that destroyed their economy won a revision of the treaty which gave them the Dawes Plan of April 1924 where their reparation payment was lowered and they were allowed to make loans with American banks
Ruhr crisis 1923
the French and Belgians invaded the Ruhr to take reparations in form of raw materials and goods
The Weimar republic called for non-violent opposition across the region
French troops kill 100 workers who are protesting
production in Ruhr closed