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Case study 1: USA and events in Korea, 1950-1953 - Coggle Diagram
Case study 1: USA and events in Korea, 1950-1953
background to crisis
in January 1950, President Truman ordered a review of the USA's foreign policy
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causes of the Korean War
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after the war, Korea was liberated by the Soviet troops in the North and American troops in the South
The country was divided and ruled by occupying forces, the dividing line was the 38th parallel
in the North, communists were ruled by Kim Il-sung who was a Soviet-trained and backed communist running a one state party
in the South, anti-communists were ruled by Syngman Rhee who wasn't very democratic but anti-Communist enough to get US support
neither leader was elected or recognised the legitimacy of the other and wanted to unify Korea in their rule
Rhee was a corrupt and unpopular leader and in April 1950 many in the South voted for reunification with the North
In June 1950 with the support of China and the Soviet Union, North Korea invaded South Korea
the Korean War events
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July 1950 fearing a communist takeover, the USA sent troops to support South Korea.
July 1950 US appealed to the UN for help and the Security Council agreed to send troops only because the USSR was boycotting them
September 1950 UN forces led by American General MacArthur landed in Inchon and pushed the North Koreans back into the 38th parallel
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July 1953 an armistice signed at Panmunjom on the 38th parallel, which left Korea divided
American involvement
America wanted to contain communism and prevent the domino effect, they were worried that if one country fell its neighbours would fall too in the domino effect. Containment was the idea the US would stop the spread of communism wherever it sought to expand across the globe and rollback the active attempt to actually remove it
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China involvement
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Mao didn't want a rollback to succed, Korea as a communist country was a buffer zone for China
China and USSR were allies under the Sino-Soviet Treaty of friendship, alliance and mutual assistance
USSR involvement
USSR wanted to spread communism, which is what Kim Il-sung was trying to do
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couldn't prevent the UN from being involved in Korea because they were boycotting them so they gave Kim Il-Sung their support