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KIDNEYS, to do:
1.External features
Clinical
3. Structure of…
KIDNEYS
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EXTERNAL FEATURES
Upper Pole/ Upper End
rounded and thicker, Opp. to T12
Lower Pole/ Lower End
directed downwards and laterally, Opp. to L3
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Vascular Segments
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Brodel's line
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line of incision in exploration of kidney during surgery for minimal blood loss
-also for nephrolithotomy (removal of stone)
Anterior branch
- Apical
- Upper
- Middle
- Lower
Posterior branch
- Posterior
Capsules of Kidney
Thin, closely envelopes the kidney
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- Perirenal/Perinephric Fat
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- Pararenal/Paranephric Fat
Cushion, varying amounts of fat
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LOCATION
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Occupies
hypochondrium, epigastrium, lumbar, umbilical
Structure
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inner
Renal sinus
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contains
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Renal pelvis
2 to 3 major calyces
7 to 13 minor calyces
expands, indented by 1 to 3 renal papillae
Medullary rays
Collecting tubules radiate from renal pyramid into cortex forming striated conical masses called medullary rays
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to do:
1.External features
- Clinical
3. Structure of uriniferous tubule
4. Relations
5. Lymph
6. Nerve
7. Vascular segments
- upper part- diaphragm
costodiaphragmatic surface
lf side- 11th&12th rib
rt side- 12th rib
lower part- psoas maj, quadratus lum, rectus abd(med to lat); subcostal nervs, L1 nerves (above to down)
RT Kidney- suprarenal, hepatic, duodenal, colic, jejunal areas
LT Kidney- suprarenal, gastric, colic, splenic, pancreatic, jejunal areas
- juxtaglomerular cells (JG Cells)
- extra glomerular mesenglial cells (Lacis cells)