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Cytoskeleton and Cellular Motors - Coggle Diagram
Cytoskeleton and Cellular Motors
Cytoskeletal Proteins
Microtubules
Intermediate Filaments)
composed of fibrous proteins
Microfilaments (Actin Filaments)
composed of globular subunits
Accessory Proteins
single units
regulate length of filaments, their position and association with organelles and plasma membranes
Shapers v movers
shapers
support cell shape
enable shape-shifting
provide rigidity to cels
are polymaer molecules that are made of subunits
movers
enable movement
motor proteins
kinesin
dynein
myosin
stucture, assemble and dissassembly of microtubulse
constant assembly (slow)
disassembly (fast)
sturcture
tubular
alpha and beta tubulin units
Centrosomes
Structure
microtubules assesmble and reassamble pulling chromosomes to each side of cell
Role
helps chromosome move during division
Role of microtubule in
chromosomal movement
pulls chromosomes to each side of cells during cell division
cilia
moves mucuous and dirt
flagella
mov
moves sspermatazoids
all propelled by dynein
role of microtubular motor proteins
kinesin
plays role in intracellular trafficking and cell division
anterograde to microtubule walks from - to + end
transports cargo from cell center to periphery
dynein
ciliary motion
moves retrograde
structure and function of intermediate filaments
structure
larger than actin myofilaments and smaller than microtubules
stable polymers
(do not participate in cell motility bc they cannot dissassemble)
must be degraded by ubiquitin
intermediate in size between microfilaments (7nm)
and microtubules (25 nm)
function
provide mechanical support for the plasma membrane
give strength to the cytoskeleton
structure function and synthesis of actin molecules
structure
F actin (filamentous actin
double helical polymer of G-actin monomers
polar
molecule
essential component of cytoskeleton
building blocks of microfilaments
helps establish cytoplasmic framentwork
function
interacts w/ myosin to contract
mediates cytokinesis
forms core of mcirovilli
anchors tight junctions
anchors zonula adherens
pathtophysiology of conditions associated with actin abnormality
hereditary spherocytosis
casued by spectrin deficiency
spectrin is actin binding protein
duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)
caused by truncated dystropin
becker muscular dystropy (BMD)
nonframeshift instertions in dystrophin gene resulting in partially functional dystrophin
structure and function of actin-binding proteins
dystropin
structure
large rod
function
helps anchor muscle fibers
connects intracellular cyoskeleton to transmembrane proteins which are connected to extracellular meatrix (ECM)
spectrin
structure
long flexibel dimer rods cytoskeletal protein
function
protein scaffold, holds plasma membrane integrity