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The first timeline of the Universe and Earth - Coggle Diagram
The first timeline of the
Universe and Earth
Timeline of the Universe and Earth
1500 mya – Oxygen began to accumulate in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Oxygen is made by
cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) as a product of photosynthesis.
For 2,200 million years this oxygen
was removed from the atmosphereas it reacted with iron, sank to the bottom of the sea and became
trapped in rock layers.
1,500 million years ago the free iron ran out and oxygen began to be released
into the atmosphere.
530 mya – The first vertebrates (fish) evolved.
3850 mya – The first life appeared on Earth.
It was very simple single-celled organisms. Exactly
how life first arose is a mystery.
700 mya – The first animals evolved.
These were simple single-celled animals.
4400 mya – The Earth’s first oceans formed.
Water vapour was released into the Earth’s
atmosphere by volcanism. It then cooled, fell back down as rain, and formed the Earth’s first oceans.Some water may also have been brought to Earth by comets and asteroids.
400 mya – The first land plants evolved.
Oxygen in the atmosphere reacted to form ozone, which
formed a layer.This served as a protective barrier to the harmful rays coming from space and which
allowed plants to colonise the land.
4500 mya – Earth’s core and crust formed. :
Dense metals sank to the centre of the Earth and
formed the core, while the outside layer cooled and solidified to form the Earth’s crust.
350 mya – The first land vertebrates evolved.
With plants present on the land to provide a food
source, animals rapidly followed.The first to venture onto the land were primitive amphibians, and
reptiles evolved soon afterwards.
4600 mya (million years ago) – Planet Earth formed.
225 mya – The first dinosaurs evolved from lizards
.
65 mya – The dinosaurs went extinct.
The dinosaurs, and many other species with them, were
wiped out by the after-effects of a meteorite impact, or perhaps several impacts.
130,000 years ago (0.13 mya) – Modern humans evolved.
Homo sapiens
evolved in Africa from earlier humans. They left Africa around 35,000 years ago and spread around the globe. Human evolution is still pretty mysterious, due to gaps in the
fossil record
13,800 billion years ago - the big bang occurs
5,500 billion years ago - the galaxies form
4,600 billion years ago - the stars and planets appear
